114 results about "Geneologies" patented technology

The present invention relates to methods of modulating mammalian stem cell and progenitor cell differentiation. The methods of the invention can be employed to regulate and control the differentiation and maturation of mammalian, particularly human stem cells along specific cell and tissue lineages. The methods of the invention relate to the use of certain small organic molecules to modulate the differentiation of stem or progenitor cell populations along specific cell and tissue lineages, and in particular, to the differentiation of embryonic-like stem cells originating from a postpartum placenta or for the differentiation of early progenitor cells to a granulocytic lineage. Finally, the invention relates to the use of such differentiated stem or progenitor cells in transplantation and other medical treatments.

Methods are described for mapping a pathway of differentiation of a population of embryonic cells which includes exposing the cells to an exogenous factor and measuring gene expression products that are characteristic of a particular cell type or lineage. Directing differentiation of human embryonic cells relies on dissociated embryoid bodies which are then exposed to one or more exogenous factors to enrich a culture for a particular cell type. The differentiated cells may be used for treating a medical condition in a human. Kits for determining differentiation pathways and screening exogenous factors for their utility in differentiation are provided.

This document provides methods and materials related to genetic variations of developmental disorders. For example, this document provides methods for using such genetic variations to assess susceptibility of developing Autism Spectrum Disorder.

The invention discloses micro ribonucleic acids (microRNA, miRNA) carried by cell microparticles (Microparticle, MP), a method for preparing the same, and application thereof in the technical field of biotechnological pharmacy. The invention provides a combination of the micro ribonucleic acids for evaluating the physiological and / or pathological states of a participant, and the combination contains all the micro ribonucleic acids which exist stably in serum / plasma particles of the participant and are detectable. At the same time, the invention provides an experimental method for preparing the cell microparticles containing specific micro ribonucleic acids and using the cell microparticles to perform gene-level regulation and control as well as modification on other cells and tissues. The combination and the method can be used for detecting and treating various diseases, including the aspects of the diagnosis and the differential diagnosis of various tumors, various acute and chronic infectious diseases and other acute and chronic diseases, the prediction and the curative effect evaluation of the occurrences of disease complications and the recurrences of malignant diseases, as well as the active ingredient screening, the efficacy evaluation and the judicial authentication of drugs, the detection of prohibited drugs and the like; besides, the combination and the method have the advantages of wide detection pedigree, high sensitivity, low detection cost, convenient available material, easy storage of samples and the like.

Human embryonic stem cells can be genetically transformed by a combination of electroporation and homologous recombination. This technique makes it possible to create targeted inserts or deletions to the genome of the stem cells. This ability makes it possible to create populations of progeny cells which have differentiated into a target cell type of a specific desired lineage.

Described are computational methods to reconstruct the chromosomes (and genomes) of ancestors given genetic data, IBD information, and full or partial pedigree information of some number of their descendants.

This document provides methods and materials related to genetic variations of developmental disorders. For example, this document provides methods for using such genetic variations to assess susceptibility of developing Autism Spectrum Disorder.

The present disclosure provides an understanding of the regulation of the developmental phases of stem cells and their induction into relevant cell lineages, such as primitive streak, endoderm, mesoderm, or subterrotories of endoderm's. In particular, the present disclosure provides methods, culture medium and kits for the maintenance and differentiation of stem cells into relevant cell lineages.

The compositions and methods described are directed to microRNA chips having a plurality of different oligonucleotides with specificity for genes associated with autism spectrum disorders. The invention further provides methods of identifying microRNA profiles for neurological and psychiatric conditions including autism spectrum disorders, methods of treating such conditions, and methods of identifying therapeutics for the treatment of such neurological and psychiatric conditions.

Provided is a method for programming the differentiation of stem cells and for the identification of the signals responsible for cell lineage establishment of differentiated cells.

Methods for making human ES cells and human differentiated cells and tissues for transplantation are described, whereby the cells and tissues are created following somatic cell nuclear transfer. The nuclear transfer donor is genetically modified prior to nuclear transfer such that cells of at least one developmental lineage are de-differentiated, i.e., unable to develop, thereby resolving the ethical dilemmas involved in reprogramming somatic cells back to the embryonic stage. The method concomitantly directs differentiation such that the desired cells and tissues may be more readily isolated.

The invention relates to a gastric cancer detection marker, and a detecting method thereof, a related kit and a biochip. The gastric cancer detection marker comprises 21 specific micro RNAs stable in human serum / plasma. The marker which is broad in detection spectrum, high in sensitivity, low in detection cost, easy to be got and stored can be used for diagnosing and differentially diagnosing the gastric cancer, predicating occurrence and reoccurrence of diseases and conditions, evaluating therapeutic efficiency and efficacy and screening active pharmaceutical ingredients and the like. The method can be widely applied to cancer survey and related work, improves low specificity and low sensitivity caused by individual difference which is difficult for a single marker to overcome, and remarkably improves the clinical detection rate of the gastric cancer. Therefore, the method is an effective means to diagnose early breast cancer.

A plasmid, viral or linear DNA molecule containing a nucleic acid sequence derived from the promoter region of the hCol1α2 gene, which is selectively transported into the nuclei of cells in the osteoblast lineage. The sequence can be used independently as a nuclear entry sequence only, and / or as a nuclear entry sequence without regard to position, in a vector or linear DNA that directs gene expression and nuclear entry. The disclosure further includes a chimeric DNA sequence derived by the addition of osteoblast-specific enhancer sequences to the nuclear entry sequence / promoter sequence, to increase osteoblast-specific expression while retaining osteoblast-specific nuclear import. An enhancer sequence is derived from the promoter region of the human Core Binding Factor alpha 1 (Cbfa1 / Runx2) gene. The Cbfa1 / Runx2 promoter can be added to the sequence derived from, or alternatively, comprising the promoter region of the hCol1α2 gene. Also provided are methods of use of the novel sequences.

The compositions and methods described are directed to gene chips having a plurality of different oligonucleotides with specificity for genes associated with autism spectrum disorders. The invention further provides methods of identifying gene profiles for neurological and psychiatric conditions including autism spectrum disorders, methods of treating such conditions, and methods of identifying therapeutics for the treatment of such neurological and psychiatric conditions.

The invention discloses a method for performing forest tree multiple-trait pyramiding breeding based on multiple-trait genomic selection. The method sequentially comprises the following steps: clonal individual phenotypic data acquisition; clonal pedigree information and A matrix construction or SNP marker typing data and G matrix construction; multiple-trait model establishment and data analysis. The method disclosed by the invention has the benefits that the workload of forest tree trait phenotype determination can be reduced, and no lamination by the correlation degree between traits and markers exists; compared with a conventional traditional progeny determination technology, multiple-trait orientation and accurate breeding can be realized, an obtained hybrid offspring have reliable productivity and genetic background, the forest tree multiple-trait pyramiding breeding period is significantly shortened, and no specific limitation on tree species and test forest types exists; the forest tree multiple-trait pyramiding breeding purpose can be quickly achieved; therefore, the application prospect is wide.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of cell biology and particularly relates to a technology for regulating and controlling a Jak-Stat pathway to differentiate, dedifferentiate and rejuvenate cells, and an application of the technology. Rejuvenated cell products and / or cell products of different lineage types are obtained by small molecule compound combination, cytokine combination or recombinant protein combination, a gene editing technology and a transgenic technology to quantitatively and / or regularly regulate and control gene or protein targets of the Jak-Stat signaling pathways in cells. The provided technology for regulating and controlling the Jak-Stat signal pathway, and the product / derivatives of the cell product can be used for re-programming cells, tissues, organs and organisms, construct tissue engineering materials, repair damages of tissues and organs of mammals and the aged and degenerated tissues and organs, delay or reverse aging processes of the cells, tissues, organs and organisms, and can be used for immunoregulation of the cells, tissues, organs and organisms.

The invention discloses a golden snub-nosed monkey individual inheritance diversity monitoring method. The method includes steps of (1), collecting a golden snub-nosed monkey blood sample, and extracting gene group DNA of the blood sample; (2), performing gene group DNA sequencing by means of RAD-seq; (3), analyzing to obtain the SNP site; (4), performing genetic variation monitoring of population; (5), selecting the SNP site, and building a dynamic family relationship of a breeding group on the basis of the ties of consanguinity. By means of the acquired SNP site, the golden snub-nosed monkeyindividual inheritance diversity monitoring method can simply, exactly and comprehensively acquire the inheritance information and ties of consanguinity of the golden snub-nosed monkey individual, and is good for monitoring the inheritance diversity of the golden snub-nosed monkey breeding group for a long time and building up a dynamic breeding family pedigree. Compared with the existing inheritance marking method, the SNP site is high in mutation rate, large in site amount, and wide in distribution; more comprehensive inheritance information can be acquired, the result is more reliable; compared with a full gene group sequencing, the SNP site is simple, and data is easy to analyze.

A process of quantifying the extent of degradation present in a human DNA sample is described. The process makes use of a real time PCR system to separately quantitate within a sample a first retrotransposon interspersed element and a relatively longer second retrotransposon interspersed element, where the longer element is expected to be disrupted at a faster pace than is the shorter element as the sample degrades. In one embodiment, the process makes use of the appearance of the relatively young (on an evolutionary scale) Alu Yb-lineage subfamily sequences appearing in every human genome and their virtual absence in non-human samples. In a preferred embodiment, the process quantifies longer 290 bp sequences of “SVA” elements and shorter 80 bp sequences of Alu Yb8-lineage. Newly designed primers and TaqMan probes that are useful in the process are presented. A related process additionally quantifies male specific human DNA.

This document provides methods and materials related to genetic variations of developmental disorders. For example, this document provides methods for using such genetic variations to assess susceptibility of developing Autism Spectrum Disorder.

The present invention relates to the diagnosis of mixed lineage leukemia (MLL), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) according to the gene expression profile of a sample from an individual, as well as to methods of therapy and screening that utilize the genes identified herein as targets.

The present invention relates to use of synthetic factors in reprogramming somatic cells to become induced pluripotent stem cells and other cell lineages. Specifically, the present application relates to fusion proteins containing proteins encoded by cell totipotency-related genes and transcription regulatory domains, their coding sequences, expression vectors, and compositions. The present application also relates to methods for reprogramming somatic cells to become induced pluripotent stem cells and other cell lineages, and cells containing the fusion proteins or the coding sequences.

The invention provides an O-type foot-and-mouth disease recombined phage vaccine of a pig and a construction method thereof. The vaccine adopts recombined T7 phage as an antigen, and the amino acid sequence such as FMDVVP1(129-169) polypeptide of Mya98 pedigree shown in SEQIDNO:2 is expressed on the surface of the recombined T7 phage; and the VP1 (129-169) polypeptide is obtained by inserting single-copy VP1(129-169) genes into the downstream of the P10B gene of the T7 phage to carry out fusion. The invention has the following technical effects that (1) the recombined phage vaccine prepared by the T7 phage carrier can overcome the shortcomings of weaker self immunogenicity of the FMDVVP1 polypeptide and the defect of lack of T auxiliary cell epitope, effectively improve the immunogenicity and stimulate the organism to generate the higher-level antibody; and (2) since the T7 phage is easy to culture, the purification is convenient, and the invention for producing the gene engineering vaccine has multiple advantages. In the O-type foot-and-mouth disease recombined phage vaccine of the pig, the on-scale production is convenient and the cost is low.

This invention relates to DNA microarray technology, and more specifically to methods and kits for identifying autism and autism spectrum disorders in humans.

This disclosure concerns the separation of pericarp tissue from surrounding tissues in grain. Some embodiments concern the isolation of high-purity pericarp DNA from a grain plant that reflects the genotype of the maternal parent of the grain plant, such that the isolated DNA may be used in a PCR-based genotyping assay.

The present invention provides for single-molecule profiling of combinatorial protein modifications and single-molecule profiling of combinatorial protein modifications combined with single-molecule sequencing of protein / nucleic acids complexes. High-throughput single-molecule imaging was applied to decode combinatorial modifications on millions of individual nucleosomes from pluripotent stem cells and lineage-committed cells. Applicants identified bivalent nucleosomes with concomitant repressive and activating marks, as well as other combinatorial modification states whose prevalence varies with developmental potency. Applying genetic and chemical perturbations of chromatin enzymes show a preferential affect on nucleosomes harboring specific modification states. The present invention also combines this proteomic platform with single-molecule DNA sequencing technology to simultaneously determine the modification states and genomic positions of individual nucleosomes. This novel single-molecule technology can be used to address fundamental questions in chromatin biology and epigenetic regulation leading to novel therapeutics and diagnostics.

The invention relates to methods and kits for characterizing and diagnosing autism spectrum disorder in an individual based on gene expression levels.

The invention involves inducing a plurality e.g., 3-50 or more mutations (e.g., any whole number between 3 and 50 or more of mutations, with it noted that in some embodiments there can be up to 16 different RNA(s), e.g., sgRNAs each having its own a promoter, in a vector, such an AAV vector or a lentiviral vector and that when each sgRNA does not have its own promoter, there can be twice to thrice that amount of different RNA(s), e.g., sgRNAs, e.g., 32 or even 48 different guides delivered by one vector) in transgenic Cas9 eukaryotes to model a neuronal disease or disorder. The invention comprehends testing putative treatments with such models, e.g., testing putative chemical compounds that may be pharmaceutically relevant for treatment or gene therapy that may be relevant for treatment, or combinations thereof. The invention allows for the study of genetic diseases and putative treatments to better understand and alleviate a genetic disease or a condition, e.g., autism, autism-spectrum disease or disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, or psychiatric disorders.

The invention discloses a genetic relationship identification method, system and device. The method comprises the following steps: utilizing a genetic relationship genealogy; constructing a gene treeby taking individual paternal line genes and maternal line genes of non-builders with obtained gene data as root nodes and taking individual paternal line genes and maternal line genes of root node genes as leaf nodes; for the leaf node, if gene data cannot be obtained, taking a gene source individual paternal line gene and maternal line gene as new leaf nodes until the leaf nodes belong to the builder individuals or the gene data individuals can be obtained; and carrying out inheritance vector probability symmetry or consistency judgment on subsets obtained by carrying out gene set segmentation by utilizing the gene tree. During pedigree probability calculation, the memory space occupied by the inheritance vector set is compressed, the calculation amount is reduced, and forensic genetic relationship identification, parent seeking and the like in a larger genetic pedigree range are achieved by using limited memory resources. The ability of an existing information management system or website to process the problems of genetic relationship analysis, identification, retrieval, matching and the like is improved.