A preparation method of a lenvatinib mesylate crystal form X comprises the following steps that lenvatinib is stirred in acetonitrile and purified water and pulped, wherein the mass volume ratio of lenvatinib to acetonitrile to purified water is 1 g: (2-6 ml): (2-6 ml), and the stirring and pulping temperature is 20-30 DEG C; then, a mixed solution of acetic acid, acetonitrile and methanesulfonicacid is dropwise added, wherein the mass volume ratio of lenvatinib to acetic acid to acetonitrile is 1 g: (1-3 ml): (2-6 ml), and the mass ratio of lenvatinib to methanesulfonic acid is 1 g: (0.22-0.45 g); and after the system is clarified, 0-5% by mass of a seed crystal in a crystal form X is added, acetonitrile is dropwise added into the solution, the mass volume ratio of acetonitrile to lenvatinib is (1-6 ml: 1 g), the temperature is kept at 15-30 DEG C, the heat preservation stirring time is 12-24 h, and suction filtration and drying are conducted to obtain solid powder. The method is simple in preparation process, better in product quality and suitable for industrial production.