The invention provides a method for determining 191 pesticide residues through combination of a high-oil complex matrix sample pretreatment technology with UPLC-MSMS, which comprises the following steps of: weighing a proper amount of high-oil complex matrix sample in an outer extraction tube of a centrifugal tube, adding ultrapure water, acetic acid acidified acetonitrile, ceramic homoprotons and extraction salt, adding the extraction salt, a purifying agent and a ceramic homogenizer in an inner insertion tube, nesting the inner insertion tube into the outer extraction tube, screwing, placing the outer extraction tube in full-automatic sample treatment equipment, carrying out repeated oscillation and multiple times of centrifugal treatment, taking a proper amount of supernatant in the inner intubation tube, carrying out nitrogen blowing until the supernatant is nearly dry, adding 1ml of acetonitrile and water (3:2), carrying out ultrasonic redissolution, passing through a 0.22 [mu]m filter membrane, and detecting 191 pesticide residues by using UPLC-MS/MS (Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer/Mass Spectrometer). The separation effect of each pesticide component under the chromatographic column is good, the detected detection limit, quantitation limit and other indexes meet the multi-residue analysis of pesticides, and the method can be applied to multi-pesticide residue detection of high-oil complex matrix samples.