391 results about "Disinfection by-product" patented technology

The invention discloses a magnetic acrylic acid series strongly basic anion exchange microballoon resin and a preparation method thereof. The microballoon resin has the following structure: the resin skeleton is internally provided with magnetic particles, wherein A stands for a radical containing quaternary ammonium salt. The preparation method comprises the following steps: acrylic acid series substances serve as a monomer, the monomer is mixed with cross-linking agent and pore-forming agent to form oil phase; the oil phase is uniformly mixed with the magnetic particles and then suspension polymerization is carried out on the mixture; after going through amination and alkylation reaction, the polymerized magnetic polymer particles form the quaternary ammonium salt, namely the magnetic acrylic acid series strongly basic anion exchange microballoon resin. Exchange capacity of the resin is higher than any magnetic acrylic acid series strongly basic anion exchange microballoon resin ever found in existing literatures and reports and domestic market as well as foreign markets and can replace the traditional strongly basic anion exchange resin, thus being capable of being used for separating and removing soluble organisms in various water bodies, especially disinfection by-product precursor and multiple negative ions such as nitrate and phosphate.

A process for removing microorganisms and / or precursors of disinfection by-products from a medium sought to be treated comprising treating the medium with one or more elements capable of forming an oxide, a hydroxide, and / or an oxyhydroxide through corrosion is disclosed. A system for effecting the removal or inactivation of microorganisms and / or disinfection by-product precursors is also contemplated.

The present invention relates to polynary metal cluster as water purifying material and its preparation process and use. The water purifying material is prepared with porous material in 50-99 wt%, and two or more metals of Ag, Cu, Zn and RE in 1-50 wt%. The preparation process includes: selecting metal source; adding the metal source directly or after being compounded into water solution into the porous material to form combined body; and introducing reductant after roasting. Water to be purified is made to flow through the water purifying material or mixed with the water purifying material for purifying. The water purifying material has great specific surface area, high activity and high homogeneity, and may be used to eliminate water soluble heavy metal ion, micro organic pollutant, residual chlorine and sterilizing side product in high effect.

The invention relates to a technological method for controlling the disinfection by-product and pathogenic microorganism risk of drinking water, belonging to the field of drinking water treatment. The drinking water is produced by combining biological pretreatment, pre-ozonation, main ozonation, active carbon filter and conventional coagulation-precipitation-sand filtration-disinfectant fluid treatment technology, and the method is a feed water treatment technological method which is developed for the micro-pollution raw water and controls the disinfection by-product and pathogenic microorganism heath risk in the water purifying process. The micro-polluted raw water sequentially enters a biological pretreatment tank, a pre-ozonation contact tank, a folded-plate flocculating tank, an inclined-tube sedimentation tank, a sand filter, a main ozonation contact tank, an active carbon filter and a disinfection tank, and finally flows into a clean water reservoir. Through the application of the biological pretreatment, two-level ozone oxidation and active carbon technology, the removal effect on the turbidity, organic matters, the disinfection by-product precursor, the virus microorganism, bacteria microorganism and the like is obviously improved, and the water quality and safety are obviously superior to those of the traditional coagulation sedimentation technology.

Ballast and / or cooling water biocidal treatment and disinfection systems and techniques are provided. The systems utilize oxidation reduction potential control to regulate addition, or concentration of an electrocatalytically generated biocidal agent to disinfection levels in ship buoyancy and to biofouling levels in ship cooling water systems. The disinfection and biofouling control systems provide suitable treatment while reducing the potential for corrosion of ship components and, in some cases, undesirable disinfection byproducts.

The invention discloses a method for applying pre-ozonation and aerated biological activated carbon processes to feedwater treatment. The method combines ozone pre-oxidation, an aerated biological activated carbon filter tank and a coagulation-sedimentation-sand filtering-disinfection conventional feedwater treatment process to produce drinking water, is a feedwater treatment process for improving water quality of feed water aiming at micro-polluted drinking water sources, and integrates the characteristics of an aerated biofilter biological pre-treatment process and an ozone biological activated carbon advanced water-purifying process. Raw water enters a pre-ozonation contact tank, a coagulation sedimentation tank and the aerated biological activated carbon filter tank orderly, is disinfected, enters a sand filtering tank, and finally flows into a clear water tank. Because the pre-ozonation contact tank and the aerated biological activated carbon filter tank are arranged in the conventional feedwater treatment process, the effect of removing organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, pathogenic microorganism, odor, chroma and the like is greatly improved, and the water quality safety of the method is obviously superior to that of the biological pre-treatment process and the ozone biological activated carbon advanced water-purifying process.

The invention discloses a magnetic graphene oxide nanometer compound, a preparation method and application thereof. The magnetic graphene oxide nanometer compound comprises graphene oxide, and the surface of graphene oxide is loaded with iron oxides magnetic nanometer particles. The preparation method comprises preparation of a graphene oxide dispersion liquid, preparation of an iron oxides magnetic nanometer particle dispersion liquid and preparation of the magnetic graphene oxide nanometer compound. The magnetic graphene oxide nanometer compound is applicable to water sterilization. The magnetic graphene oxide nanometer compound disclosed by the invention is excellent in antibacterial performance, efficient and easy to separate, the preparation method is simple and low in cost, the water sterilization processing effect is good, disinfection by-products is not easy to generate and secondary pollution is not easy to cause.

In the present invention, a potable water treatment system and apparatus for purifying and treating potable water that is being transferred from a potable water source to a number of potable water user(s) via a potable water line is presented. Said potable water purification and treatment system and apparatus has a filter capable of filtering the potable water to an NTU of less than 0.10, removing TOC and disinfection by-products, as well as a chemical feed system which comprises a measuring device for measuring at least one of: the potable water flow and the potable water quality, at least one proportioning device for determining any amount(s) of chemical additives utilizing input(s) from the measuring device(s) and at least one chemical feed pump to transfer at least one chemical additive to the potable water, wherein at least a disinfectant is added to the potable water downstream of filtration. In addition to disinfectant addition, said potable water purification and treatment system and apparatus has the capability to add at least one of a: chelant, dispersant, oxidizer, metal coagulant, buffer and / or any combination therein. While the measuring device, proportioning device and / or chemical pump can be one unit, each can be separate or combined in any combination providing that the required chemical(s) and amount of chemical(s) is pumped or successfully transferred to the potable water. The method of operation of the potable water treatment system and apparatus is also presented.

The invention discloses a selenium-rich nano-silver active carbon filter element comprising an external envelope material, a nano-silver active carbon filter layer, a selenium-rich grain layer and a water through cavity arranged at the center of the filter element. The selenium-rich nano-silver active carbon filter element is characterized in that the selenium-rich grain layer consists of slow-release material chitosan powder, selenite and calcium selenite, which follow a weight ratio of 10:3:7. The nano-silver active carbon filter layer consists of 0.15-3% by weight of 20-50-nanometer nano-silver, 6-8% by weight of hot-melted powder and the balance of coco shell active carbon. The selenium-rich nano-silver active carbon filter element not only can filter off harmful bacteria in water butalso can effectively filter off organic pollutants, sterilization byproducts and heavy metal in the water, thereby ensuring the sanitation and safety of the drinking water. In addition, long-term useof the water filtered by the filter element can also help prevent selenium shortage. The invention also provides a method for preparing the selenium-rich nano-silver active carbon filter element.

The invention discloses a method for quickly detecting haloacetic acids serving as disinfection byproducts in drinking water. Chromatographic methanol and super pure water containing methanoic acid with volume ratio of between 0.005 and 0.0001 percent are used as flow phases; corresponding mass spectrum conditions and chromatograph conditions are set by using an ultra performance liquid chromatogram-electrospray ionization-series four-level-rod mass spectrometer (UPLC-ESI-MS / MS) and an UPLC hierarchical service system (HSS) T3 chromatographic column (the column length* the inner diameter= 100mm* 2.1 mm) in the Waters company; a standard curve is constructed; and the PH of a sample is adjusted to be 2.0 to 3.0, so that a matrix effect is eliminated. According to the method, nine haloacetic acids can be totally separately measured within 13.5 minutes; the method has the advantages of high sensitivity, precision, accuracy and the like, and toxic chemical residual substance cannot be produced; and the method is applied to quickly detecting the haloacetic acids in the drinking water.

The invention belongs to the environmental protection and water treatment technical field, and discloses a method for determining trace nitrogen-containing disinfection by-product dimethyl nitrosamine in water. The method comprises the following steps 1) acidifying and pretreating a sample; 2) acidifying, drying and filling a solid phase extraction material; 3) controlling a solid phase extraction process, eluting and purifying an eluate; 4) naturally volatilizing the sample and controlling with constant volume; 5) using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for analyzing dimethyl nitrosamine to obtain the determination result. Compared with the current international test methods, the method of the invention has the characteristics of rapidity, simpleness, little application amount of the poisonous and harmful organic solvent, accurate analysis and the like.

This invention relates to a method for controlling the quantity of bromate ions produced during treatment of ozone-oxidized drinking water. The method solves the problems of consuming residual chlorine, eroding pipes and meshes, and generating toxic substances by present techniques. The method controls the quantity of bromate ions by introducing cerium oxide, transition metal oxide-doped cerium oxide or supported cerium oxide catalyst for catalytic oxidation. The quantity of produced bromate ions is decreased by 80% when the bromic ions concentration is 100-200 mu.g / L and the consumption of cerium oxide is 100 mg / L. The method has a high efficiency in inhibiting the generation of bromate ions, and the yield of byproducts is 20-30% lower than that produced by pure ozone oxidation.

The invention discloses a system and a method for removing natural organic substances and odor-induced substances in micro polluted water, which belong to the fields of water treatment processes and equipment. The system comprises an aeration biological filter tower, an ultra-filtration membrane assembly and a regulating tank, wherein the bottom of the aeration biological filter tower is connected with the bottom of the regulating tank through a pipeline; the regulating tank is provided with two water outlet passages, namely a direct water outlet passage of the regulating tank and a water passage for connecting the regulating tank and the ultra-filtration membrane assembly; the water outlet of the ultra-filtration membrane assembly is connected with the water inlet of a clean water tank through a water outlet pump. The invention also discloses the method for removing the natural organic substances and the odor-induced substances in the micro polluted water by using the system. The treatment process can simultaneously remove the natural organic substances and 2-methyl isoborneol and geosmin serving as the odor-induced substances in the water, the quality of the discharged water is good, the adding amount of a disinfectant is obviously reduced, and the generation of disinfection byproducts is reduced.

The invention relates to an analysis method for detecting ten high-toxic disinfection byproducts in drinking water. The method comprises the steps of pretreating a sample with a purging and trapping device (P&T), then allowing the sample to enter a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC / MS) for analysis, and determining contents of the ten disinfection byproducts in the sample according to an analysis chromatogram of the sample and standard working curves of the ten disinfection byproducts. Compared with the prior art, the method adopts the purging and trapping device to gather the disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in the water, and determines instrument parameter conditions; reagents such as salt and an extraction agent are not required to be used; an experimenter is prevented from being directly contacted with toxic and harmful organic solvents; simultaneously, the sample detection time is saved; the sample detection cost is lowered; the GC / MS is adopted for measurement, and the detailed instrument parameter conditions are determined, so that phenomena such as peaking and trailing of the ten DBPs can be avoided; the normal peaking of the DBPs is ensured; and a maximum detection limit (MDL) and a smaller relative standard deviation (RSD) can be obtained.

The invention relates to a method for raw water preoxidation with an electrochemical preoxidation device, which includes a hydrogen peroxide electroproduction appratus and a hydroxyl free radical generating apparatus. Raw water flows through the hydrogen peroxide electroproduction apparatus taking a graphite felt electrode as a negative electrode and a reticular ruthenium-iridium plated titanium electrode as a positive electrode, and air is introduced from the bottom of the apparatus for electrolysis to produce hydrogen peroxide and other active oxygen free radicals, so that the bacteria, turbidiness, odor and smell and the like of a water body can be eliminated. If the raw water has a high organic substance content and turbidiness, the water can further flow through the hydroxyl free radical generating apparatus. With no need for any additional chemical reagent, the device and method of the invention can reduce the total bacteria, turbidiness, odor and smell of the raw water, and avoid the problem of generation of a large number of disinfection by-products from prechlorination, thus being able to serve as a preoxidation technology for a water supply plant or a water treatment means for other purposes.

The invention discloses a method for disinfecting filtered water from a water plant with cooperation between medium-pressure ultraviolet catalyzing peroxymonosulfate and chloramines. The method includes following steps: adding peroxymonosulfate to outlet water from a water plant filtering tank to obtain a mixed solution with a concentration being 0.2-0.4 mmol / L through a tubular mixer; performing disinfection to the mixed solution in a medium-pressure ultraviolet disinfecting reactor, wherein an addition dosage of the medium-pressure ultraviolet is 10-20 mj / cm<2> and a disinfection time in the reactor is 5-10 min; and adding 0.3-0.4 mg / L chloramines to an end of the ultraviolet disinfecting reactor to complete the disinfection with cooperation between medium-pressure ultraviolet catalyzing peroxymonosulfate and chloramines. By means of the method, a cooperative effect of medium-pressure ultraviolet, peroxymonosulfate and chloramines fully works so that bacteria and microorganisms can be controlled in high efficiency and a reagent addition dosage and disinfection by-product can be reduced. Sustainability of disinfection and sterilization of water in a following water supply network can be ensured and drinking water safety can be ensured.

The invention discloses a photocatalytic membrane, a preparation method thereof and degradation application of the photocatalytic membrane on a disinfection by-product precursor. The preparation method of the photocatalytic membrane comprises the following steps that molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and graphene oxide (GO) are compounded to prepare a MoS2 / RGO (reduced graphene oxide) compound; a polyvinylidene fluoride ultrafiltration membrane is provided and immersed in a Tris-dopamine hydrochloride solution to obtain a polydopamine loaded polyvinylidene fluoride ultrafiltration membrane; then theMoS2 / RGO compound is dissolved in water and subjected to ultrasonic treatment, an aqueous solution of the MoS2 / RGO compound is subjected to vacuum suction filtration on the polydopamine loaded polyvinylidene fluoride ultrafiltration membrane, and then vacuum drying is carried out to prepare the photocatalytic membrane. The preparation method of the photocatalytic membrane and the prepared photocatalytic membrane can be used for efficiently degrading the disinfection by-product precursor in a visible light area.

The present invention relates to a method for removing ammonia nitrogen is water by adopting electrodialysis. Said method includes the following steps: (1), adopting the process of coagulation, sedimentation or filtration to treat raw material; (2), making oxidation treatment; and (3), feeding the water undergone the process of oxidation treatment into electrodialysis equipment to make ammonia nitrogen removal treatment, its electric current is 0.1-5A, voltage is 5-240V, it adopts pole-reversing method, its pH value is controlled in the range of 5-11, and the water flow rate can be controlled.

The invention relates to a method for processing drinking water, in particular to a method for reducing chlorite as the disinfection by-product of drinking water. In the method, chlorine dioxide gas is first used to preoxidate raw water, lime is then added to regulate the pH value, coagulant is then added, coagulation, sedimentation and filtration are carried out to remove turbidity, and sodium hypochlorite solution is added for disinfection. Under the premise of ensuring that drinking water can meet the disinfection effect, the method which adopts the chlorine dioxide for preoxidation and the sodium hypochlorite for disinfection can greatly reduce the content of the chlorite as the disinfection by-product and ensure that the content of the chlorite can absolutely meet the requirement of the national standard on drinking water, thus greatly enhancing the safety of water quality.

The invention relates to a joint debugging and joint control method for guaranteeing biosafety of pipe network water quality based on real-time ArcGis. The method comprises the following steps: (1) importing the residual chlorine data of each water quality monitoring point of a water supply pipe network into a geographic information system; (2) according to the distribution of water works,, secondary pressurized pump stations and transmission and distribution pipe networks, analyzing the spatial variation rule of disinfectant attenuation in the water of current transmission and distribution pipe network to regulate and control residual chlorine of the pipe network; (3) performing secondary analysis on the distribution of residual chlorine of the pipe network, observing whether the most disadvantageous point of the pipe network transmission and distribution satisfy the minimum value of the residual chlorine required for model calculation to control a microbial indicator to be qualified; and (4) if the most disadvantageous point of the pipe network transmission and distribution cannot satisfy the minimum value required for the model, repeating the step (2) until the residual chlorine distribution of the pipe network basically satisfies the microbial indicator control condition at the most disadvantageous point in the pipe network transmission and distribution. Through the invention, the microbial indicator of the pipe network reaches the standard, the spatial distribution of the residual chlorine of the pipe network is more uniform, and the addition of disinfectant and the amount of disinfection byproduct are reduced.

The invention provides a method for preparing a nano silver organic frame ultrafiltration membrane and a method for purifying water using the nano silver organic frame ultrafiltration membrane, and relates to a preparation method of an ultrafiltration membrane and a method for purifying the water using the ultrafiltration membrane. The problems that an existing nano composite ultrafiltration membrane is poor in silver particle compatibility, serious in biological pollution in a filtration process and poor in removal effect on micro pollutants in water are solved. The method for preparing the nano silver organic frame ultrafiltration membrane includes the following steps: 1, preparing a polymer solution; 2, preparing a mixed solution containing a nano silver organic frame; 3, preparing a membrane-forming liquid; 4, conducting flow-casting and membrane scraping to obtain the nano silver organic frame ultrafiltration membrane. According to the prepared nano silver organic frame ultrafiltration membrane, the flux of a filtered pollutant aqueous solution is 100-150 L / m<2>.h, the removal rate of Escherichia coli is 95%-100%, and the removal rate of nitrogenous disinfection by-products is 92%-100%. The method for purifying the water using the nano silver organic frame ultrafiltration membrane can be obtained.

The invention belongs to the field of water treatment, and provides a method capable of effectively removing ammonia nitrogen pollutants from water. The ammonia nitrogen pollutants in the water are treated by combining ultraviolet with active chlorine; an individual chlorination method is low in ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency and large in chlorine demand, and disinfection byproducts are easy to generate; individual ultraviolet does not have a treatment effect on ammonia nitrogen basically; and the ammonia nitrogen pollutants can be effectively removed from the water by combining the chlorination process with the ultraviolet process. Compared with the individual chlorination method for removing the ammonia nitrogen, the method has the advantages that: the addition amount of chlorine can be reduced, and the generation amount of the disinfection byproducts is reduced. The method is easy to operate and has a good application prospect, the ultraviolet process is mature, and an additional structure is not needed. The method can be used for removing the ammonia nitrogen pollutants from drinking water, urban sewage and industrial wastewater.

The invention relates to a method for detecting organisms attached to particles, which relates to a method for detecting organisms in water. The method can solve the problems that the existing detection methods only detect dissolved organisms in water to fail to truly reflect the total content of organisms in water. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, suspended particles are mixed with an extractant, and the extract liquor is obtained after ultrasonic extraction; secondly, the filtered extract liquor is purged by nitrogen; thirdly, the extract liquor is added with an organic solvent to have constant volume of 2 mL; and fourthly, the constant-volume extract liquor is detected in a gas chromatography / mass spectrometer. The method can be used for detecting the content of organisms attached to particles in water, so as to have a full understanding of organic toxin pollution in water, help to analyze the problem of chlorination by-products (mostly attrached to particles) and truly reflect the total content of organisms in water. The method has great significance to get an in-depth understanding of the mechanism about the occurrence of organisms on particles, to optimize the water treatment process and to provide safe drinking water.

The invention relates to a control method for disinfection by-product based on matching of precursor form of disinfection by-product and flocculating agent form, belonging to drinking water processing technical field. The inventive method comprises following steps: selecting corresponding flocculating agent form having superior removing capability aiming at raw water with superior form distribution rule of different disinfection by-product precursors, using a matching relation of the flocculating agent original position form and the disinfection by-product superior form to greatly increase removing efficiency of the disinfection by-product precursors in a coagulation process under actions of compression of double electrode layers, charge neutrality, adsorption and surface complexation. The inventive method has advantages of high efficiency, economic and practicable performance and easy application in engineering, effectively strengthens generation of flocculating agent original position form in the coagulation process and significantly reduces generation of disinfection by-product in the chlorination process.The invention is mainly used for purifying drinking water from a polluted surface water source in a drinking water factory and is also used for secondary effluent advanced treatment in a sewage plant for reusing reclaimed water.

The composite water pollutant eliminating chemical preparation consists of permanganate, ferrate, silicate polymer and adjuvant. The present invention has the efficient pollutant eliminating and flocculating effects of composite potassium permanganate-ferrate preparation as well as the adsorption, rolling and sweeping effects of inorganic polymer. The composite water pollutant eliminating chemical preparation contains natural sterilizer and the powerful oxidation property may be utilized to destruct viruses and bacteria, generating less side sterilizing product. In addition, the composite water pollutant eliminating chemical preparation has excellent raised coagulation and filtering effects for eliminating turbid matter, color, algae, bad smell, organic pollutant, mutagenic matter, etc.

The invention relates to an integrated deep-treatment technique for the drinking water contained bromine ion, which comprises by turns: oxygenating with ozone, coagulating, depositing, filtering, flowing through the active carbon, and sterilizing to obtain the final water up to WHO standard. This invention controls and removes the byproduct and micro-pollution organic with low cost, and has wide application.

A method of oxidation or pathogen inactivation in water supplies using the combination of treatments of chlorine dioxide and ozone in the sequential steps prior to filtration and distribution. Results indicate that the addition of chlorine dioxide before prezonation reduces the bromate formation and chlorine dioxide can be substituted for preoxidation with ozone, while maintaining the enhanced filtration effects observed from the presence of a preoxidant. A majority of the chlorite formed from reactions of chlorine dioxide with constituents in raw water are converted to chlorate by the following ozonation step.

The invention discloses a drinking water source advanced water treatment method based on resin and zeolite, belonging to the water treatment field of drinking water source; the method comprises the following steps: powder resin and zeolite are added in a reactor, water from the drinking water source flows through the reactor, mixed liquid of resin and zeolite and clean water is pumped from a fresh resin tank to the reactor; the treated mixed water flows out after being precipitated magnetically or naturally. The precipitated resin and zeolite flow back to the reactor, and part of the resin and zeolite is fed to a regeneration tank, regeneration agent is added in the regeneration tank for carrying out regeneration to the resin and zeolite, and the used regeneration agent is purified for reuse or disposed; the regenerated resin and zeolite are fed into the fresh resin tank for spare, and the regenerated resin and zeolite are reused to the reactor according to needs. The treated water reaches the current city water supply quality standard and sanitary standard for drinking water, the purpose of reducing organic matters and ammonia nitrogen and other disinfection by-products is realized. The invention has the advantages of simple process, low investment, low operation cost and good treatment effect.

The present invention provides an apparatus for generating sodium hypochlorite, comprising: a pretreatment means for pretreating inflowing feed water to produce pure water; a salt storage tank for producing a saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution with the inflowing pretreated pure water and accommodating sodium chloride; a diaphragm electrolytic bath comprising an anode chamber to which the saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution flows, a cathode chamber in which the pretreated pure water flows, and an ion exchange membrane for dividing the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; an anode water storage tank for storing a chlorine gas and anode water generated by electrolysis of the anode chamber; a cathode water chamber for storing sodium hydroxide generated by electrolysis of the cathode chamber and dilution of a hydrogen gas below an explosion limit to discharge the same; a sodium hypochlorite reaction chamber for generating sodium hypochlorite through the reaction of the chlorine gas supplied from the anode water storage tank and the sodium hydroxide generated at the cathode water storage tank; and a sodium hypochlorite storage tank for storing the sodium hypochlorite generated at the sodium hypochlorite reaction tank. The present invention can reduce disinfection by-products, lower maintenance costs and provide ease of use. Particularly, it is possible to prevent the danger of chlorine leakage due to chlorination, and a disinfectant is directly generated with sodium chloride on site without a chlorine transporting process, thereby remarkably reducing danger.