297results about How to "Increase switching capacity" patented technology

The invention discloses a magnetic acrylic acid series strongly basic anion exchange microballoon resin and a preparation method thereof. The microballoon resin has the following structure: the resin skeleton is internally provided with magnetic particles, wherein A stands for a radical containing quaternary ammonium salt. The preparation method comprises the following steps: acrylic acid series substances serve as a monomer, the monomer is mixed with cross-linking agent and pore-forming agent to form oil phase; the oil phase is uniformly mixed with the magnetic particles and then suspension polymerization is carried out on the mixture; after going through amination and alkylation reaction, the polymerized magnetic polymer particles form the quaternary ammonium salt, namely the magnetic acrylic acid series strongly basic anion exchange microballoon resin. Exchange capacity of the resin is higher than any magnetic acrylic acid series strongly basic anion exchange microballoon resin ever found in existing literatures and reports and domestic market as well as foreign markets and can replace the traditional strongly basic anion exchange resin, thus being capable of being used for separating and removing soluble organisms in various water bodies, especially disinfection by-product precursor and multiple negative ions such as nitrate and phosphate.

The invention discloses a weak acid cation exchange microballoon resin of magnetic acrylic acid series and a synthesis method thereof, belonging to the field of magnetic resin. The method comprises the following steps of: evenly mixing magnetic particles with the size of 0.01-10mu m with an oil phase, carrying out suspension polymerization under a certain temperature and conditions, and hydrolyzing to finally form the weak acid cation exchange resin. The microballoon resin consists of weak acid cation exchange microballoon resin frames and the magnetic particles packaged therein, wherein the weight ratio of the resin frames to the magnetic particles is 1:(0.05-1), a basic structure formula of the resin frames is shown following the specification of the invention: wherein n can be 1,2,3......; the weak acid volume exchange capacity of the resin is 1.0-5.0mol/L, the average particle diameter thereof is 20-500mum, the specific saturation magnetization intensity thereof is 5.1-33.4emu/g, and the weak acid exchange capacity is 1.0-5.0mol/L. The microballoon resin of the invention can be used in treatment of various water bodies and used for removing ammonia nitrogen and a plurality of metal ions, such as calcium, magnesium, copper, nickel, cadmium, and the like.

Ozonized biochar compositions and methods for creating advanced hydrophilic biochar materials are provided with higher cation exchange capacity, optimized pH, improved wettability, and free of potential toxic components. These ozonized biochar compositions are used as filtration materials, as biochar soil additives and as carbon sequestration agents to help control climate change for energy and environmental sustainability on Earth.

The invention discloses a biological carbon soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. The biological carbon soil conditioner mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of biological carbon, 10-25 parts of pumice and 20-45 parts of bentonite, wherein the biological carbon is obtained by performing anaerobic carbonization on at least one of crops straw, wooden meal, deadwood or deciduous leaves at the temperature of 300-1000 DEG C; and the biological carbon soil conditioner is prepared by the following the steps: mixing the raw materials, adding 15-35 parts of water by weight, stirring, extruding, pelletizing and packaging components. The invention can improve soil physicochemical property, enhance soil organic matter content and fertilizer utilization rate, and reduce carbon dioxide burst size.

A controlled release formulation for a cement-based composition can be produced by intercalating an admixture (e.g. an accelerator, a set retarder, a superplasticizer) for the cement-based composition into a layered inorganic material (e.g. a layered double hydroxide (LDH)). A cement-based composition containing a cement-based material (e.g. cement, mortar or concrete) and such a controlled release formulation has better workability, especially in respect of slump-loss characteristics. With such a formulation release of an admixture in a cement-based composition may be controlled.

Surface-oxygenated biochar compositions and sonication-ozonization methods create advanced hydrophilic biochar materials having higher cation exchange capacity, optimized pH, improved wettability, and toxin free components. These sonicated and ozonized biochar compositions are used as filtration materials for clean water and air, as phosphorus solubilizing reagents to mix with phosphate rock materials to make a slow-releasing phosphate fertilizer, as biochar soil additives to help solubilize phosphorus and reduce phosphorus fertilizer additions required to achieve desired soil phosphorus activity, crop uptake, and yield goals, as sand soilization reagents by utilizing their liquid gel-forming activity in the spaces among sand particles to retain water and nutrients and hold the sand particles together, as plant growth stimulants by using the humic acids-like surface-oxygenated biochar substances at a proper ppm concentration and as carbon sequestration agents to help control climate change for energy and environmental sustainability on Earth.

The invention relates to ecologic conditioner for salt-affected soil by the sea, and a preparation method and application of the ecologic conditioner. The ecologic conditioner comprises the following components by part by weight: 25 to 30 parts of exogenous beneficial microbial agent, 20 to 25 parts of soil beneficial microbial agent, and 5 to 10 parts of humic acid. The invention further provides the application of the ecologic conditioner in conditioning the salt-affected soil ecology by the sea. The ecologic conditioner can promote the formation of soil water-stable aggregates and improve soil texture, thereby promoting the building and the maintaining of soil beneficial microbiological communities; meanwhile, the ecologic conditioner can promote the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and microelements of crops, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizers, and buffer the manurial effect.

The invention relates to a fluoride-removal adsorbing material for removing fluorides in drinking water and in particular relates to an active aluminum oxide fluoride-removal adsorbing material with different surface characteristics as well as a preparation method and an application of the active aluminum oxide fluoride-removal adsorbing material. The active aluminum oxide fluoride-removal adsorbing material with different surface characteristics is obtained by carrying out the processes including sufficient chemical reaction, ageing, drying, grinding and the like into an aluminum salt aqueous solution, a chlorine salt aqueous solution and an alkali aqueous solution, wherein the specific preparation process parameters are determined by water quality chemical characteristics of to-be-treated water. Based on active aluminum oxide fluoride-removal adsorbing material with different surface characteristics, the actions including complexing, condensing and the like are carried out to transfer free fluorides in the water into complexing fluorides, so that the adsorbing performances of the active aluminum oxide fluoride-removal adsorbing material with different surface characteristics are greatly improved, the adsorbing period is prolonged and the operation cost is reduced. Fluorides in the drinking water are removed by adopting the method disclosed by the invention, so that the treated water can reach the national drinking water standards.

The invention provides a high exchange capacity perfluorinated resin of two types of short side-radical sulfonyl fluoride with different structures and bromine side-radical. The resin is a polyprotonic copolymer comprising the following components in total molar fraction: 50-85 percent of tetrafluoroethylene polymerization unit, 5-49 percent of the polymerization unit of the two types of short side-radical sulfonyl fluoride vinyl ether provided with different structures, and1-10 percent of bromine side-radical vinyl ether polymerization unit. A perfluorinated ion exchange membrane prepared by the resin not only has resistance to various chemical reagents, but also has high ion exchange capacity, electric conductivity, mechanical strength and dimensional stability, low membrane resistance and long service life, and is suitable for usage in fuel cells or high-temperature fuel cells. The invention also provides a preparation method and applications of the resin.

A nanometre-class TiSi molecular sieve for removing pollutants of heavy metals and radioactive substance from environment and purifying nuclein has a mole formular Na1+/-xTi1.5+/-ySi1+/-zO5, where x=0.01-0.2, y=0.1-0.5 and z=0.1-0.2. It is prepared from tetrabutyl titanate or tetraisopropyl titanate, ethyl n-silicate, sodium hydroxide and water jointly by the sol-gel method and the hydrothermal synthesis method. Its advantages are fine crystal grain, high reaction activity, low cost, high exchange capacity with radioactive elements and heavy metals, and high thermal stability and radioactive resistance.

A method of using micro-organisms to continuously and sustainably regenerate zeolite cation exchange capacity (CEC) for removing nitrogen (ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate) from wastewater. The zeolite immobilizes the ammonium ions, and the micro-organisms ingest the ammonium from the surface of the zeolite thereby freeing the cation exchange sites to trap more ammonium. The zeolite is continuously regenerated by the microbes, sustainably maintaining available ion exchange capacity for removing ammonium, and does not need to be shut down for regeneration or replacement. The microbial complex contains nitrifiers, anammox, denitrifiers, archaea, and others. All the micro-organisms co-exist in the same reactor promoting symbiotic interactions, thereby increasing treatment efficiency. The end product is di-nitrogen gas which dissipates into the atmosphere. The system does not require aeration, operates by gravity flow, and has very low energy requirements. Maintenance is minimal, and the system can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions (nitrous oxide).

Notes: This document uses the terms ammonia and ammonium interchangeably, just as the compounds themselves are interchangeable (NH3+H⁺NH4⁺). In aquatic systems ammonia (NH3) is predominantly found in the ionic form as ammonium (NH4).

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing 4A molecular sieves by using bentonite and attapulgite as raw materials. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) performing acid activation on the bentonite; (2) activating the attapulgite at high temperature; (3) performing alkali treatment; (4) crystallizing; and (5) washing. According to the method, the bentonite and the attapulgite are used as the raw materials, and SiO2 in the bentonite and the attapulgite is used as a silicon source to prepare the 4A molecular sieves suitable for detergent additives. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that: environmental pollution and energy waste are reduced; the preparation cost of the 4A molecular sieves is reduced; process equipment is simple and is easy to control; and new ways for developing and utilizing the bentonite and the attapulgite are opened up.

The invention provides a high exchange capacity perfluorinated resin of two types of short side-radical sulfonyl fluoride with different structures and cyan side-radical. The resin is a polyprotonic copolymer comprising the following components in total molar fraction: 50-85 percent of tetrafluoroethylene polymerization unit, 5-49 percent of the polymerization unit of the two types of short side-radical sulfonyl fluoride vinyl ether with two different structures, and1-10 percent of cyan side-radical vinyl ether polymerization unit. A perfluorinated ion exchange membrane prepared by the resin not only has resistance to various chemical reagents, but also has high ion exchange capacity, electric conductivity, mechanical strength and dimensional stability, low membrane resistance and long service life, and is suitable for usage in fuel cells or high-temperature fuel cells. The invention also provides a preparation method and applications of the resin.