39 results about "Oligodendroglial cell" patented technology

The present invention provides methods and compositions for the production of glial cells and oligodendrocytes from placenta stem cells. The invention further provides for the use of these glia and oligodendrocytes in the treatment of, and intervention in, for example, trauma, ischemia and degenerative disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), particularly in the treatment of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

A method of differentiating embryonic stem cells into oligodendroglial precursor cells and oligodendroglial cells by culturing a population of cells comprising a majority of cells that are characterized by a neural tube-like rosette morphology and are Pax6+ / Sox1+ into a population of cells that are PDGFRα+.

One form of the present invention is directed to a method of remyelinating demyelinated axons by treating the demyelinated axons with oligodendrocyte progenitor cells under conditions which permit remyelination of the axons. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of treating a subject having a condition mediated by a loss of myelin or a loss of oligodendrocytes by administering to the subject oligodendrocyte progenitor cells under conditions effective to treat the condition mediated by a loss of myelin or a loss of oligodendrocytes. A further aspect of the present invention relates to an in vitro method of identifying and separating oligodendrocyte progenitor cells from a mixed population containing other mammalian brain or spinal cord cell types. This further aspect of the present invention involves removing neurons and neuronal progenitor cells from the mixed population to produce a treated mixed population. Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells are then separated from the treated mixed population to form an enriched population of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.

Antibodies, and particularly human antibodies, are disclosed that demonstrate activity in the treatment of demyelinating diseases as well as other diseases of the central nervous system that are of viral, bacterial or idiopathic origin, including neural dysfunction caused by spinal cord injury. Neuromodulatory agents are set forth that include and comprise a material selected from the group consisting of an antibody capable of binding structures or cells in the central nervous system, a peptide analog, a hapten, active fragments thereof, agonists thereof, mimics thereof, monomers thereof and combinations thereof. The neuromodulatory agent has one or more of the following characteristics: it is capable of inducing remyelination; binding to neural tissue; promoting Ca−− signaling with oligodendrocytes; and promoting cellular proliferation of glial cells. Amino acid and DNA sequences of exemplary antibodies are disclosed. Methods are described for treating demyelinating diseases, and diseases of the central nervous system of humans and domestic animals, using polyclonal IgM antibodies and human monoclonal antibodies sHIgm22(LYM 22), sHIgm46(LYM46) ebvHIgM MSI19D10, CB2bG8, AKJR4, CB2iE12, CB2iE7, MSI19E5 and MSI10E10, active fragments thereof and the like. The invention also extends to the use of human antibodies, fragments, peptide derivatives and like materials, and their use in diagnostic and therapeutic applications, including screening assays for the discovery of additional antibodies that bind to cells of the nervous system, particularly oligodendrocytes.

The invention discloses transgenic zebrafish with specific myelin sheath removal capacity as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: recombinant plasmid mbp-nfsB-EGFP and a Tol 2 transposase mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) are jointly introduced into wild zebrafish; and a zebrafish strain with stable inheritance is cultured and obtained, and the zebrafish strain with stable inheritance is the transgenic zebrafish with specific myelin sheath removal capacity, wherein the nucleotide sequence of an mbp gene promoter carried in the recombinant plasmid mbp-nfsB-EGFP is represented as SEQ ID NO.1. With adoption of the method, the transgenic zebrafish which can specifically remove myelin sheath, cause myelinoclasis and has stable inheritance capacity can be prepared and obtained effectively, under the action of metronidazole, oligodendrocyte of juvenile transgenic zebrafish can be removed specifically and the juvenile transgenic zebrafish has pathologic change of myelinoclasis together with decreased motor function, therefore, the transgenic zebrafish can provide a forceful animal model for a regulatory mechanism for viviperception of myelin sheath damage and regeneration and related drug screening.

The present invention relates to VEGF-C or VEGF-D materials and methods for promoting growth and differentiation of neural stem cells, neuronal and neuronal precursor cells, oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells and materials and methods for administering said cells to inhibit neuropathology.

The invention provides a preparation method of a human oligodendrocyte precursor cell inhibiting nerve secondary. Specifically, the method includes: constructing a virus expression vector of two glial growth factors, conducting cotransfection of a human oligodendrocyte precursor cell to prepare the human oligodendrocyte precursor cell, which can achieve high expression of the two glial growth factors, i.e. a growth related factor 43 and a glial growth factor 2, give play to the combined action of the two to promote oligodendrocyte repair, and inhibit nerve secondary injury caused by proliferative response and glial scar formation after oligodendrocyte injury. Also, the proliferation and differentiation ability of oligodendrocyte precursor cell itself is also utilized to participate in nerve function repair, and no tumorigenesis exists. The invention also provides a kit for preparation of the human oligodendrocyte precursor cell inhibiting nerve secondary. The human oligodendrocyte precursor cell provided by the invention has very good therapeutic effect on nervous system diseases.

The present invention disclosed methods of inducing maturation of oligodendrocyte cells. A method of inducing myelination in a patient suffering from demyelination is also disclosed

Synthetic surfaces suitable for culturing stem cell derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells contain acrylate polymers formed from one or more acrylate monomers. The acrylate surfaces, in many cases, are suitable for culturing stem cell derived oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in chemically defined media.

A Method for inducing human neural stem / progenitor cells to differentiate into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and application thereof comprises following steps of: pre-treating neural stem cells derived from different resources in pre-treatment medium including bFGF and EGF for culturing; and inducing neural stem cells after pre-treating with inducing medium including PDGF-AA, bFGF and NT3, so as to differentiate into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). Main markers of the OPCs obtained by the method, such as NG2, O4, A2B5 and PDGFR, have a positive rate of 80˜90%. The OPCs obtained thereby is capable of proliferating steadily in the OPCs inducing medium for at least 10 generations and simultaneously maintaining biological characteristics thereof unchanged. The OPCs induced by the present invention can be applied in treating myelin-associated diseases or researching on drug screening.

A method of generating a population of cells useful for treating a brain disorder in a subject is disclosed. The method comprises contacting mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with at least one exogenous miRNA having a nucleic acid sequence at least 90% identical to a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 15-19 and 27-35, thereby generating the population of cells and / or generating neurotrophic factors that may provide important signals to damaged tissues or locally residing stem cells. MSCs differentiated by miRs may also secrete miRs and deliver them to adjacent cells and therefore provide important signals to neighboring endogenous normal or malignant cells.

The invention provides a preparation method of a human oligodendrocyte precursor cell inhibiting nerve secondary. Specifically, the method includes: constructing a virus expression vector of two glial growth factors, conducting cotransfection of a human oligodendrocyte precursor cell to prepare the human oligodendrocyte precursor cell, which can achieve high expression of the two glial growth factors, i.e. a growth related factor 43 and a glial growth factor 2, give play to the combined action of the two to promote oligodendrocyte repair, and inhibit nerve secondary injury caused by proliferative response and glial scar formation after oligodendrocyte injury. Also, the proliferation and differentiation ability of oligodendrocyte precursor cell itself is also utilized to participate in nerve function repair, and no tumorigenesis exists. The invention also provides a kit for preparation of the human oligodendrocyte precursor cell inhibiting nerve secondary. The human oligodendrocyte precursor cell provided by the invention has very good therapeutic effect on nervous system diseases.

The present application relates to a method of promoting the production of oligodendrocytes from oligodendrocyte precursor cells by enhancing its survival and / or maturation, comprising administering to the cell an effective amount of an agent that enhances and / or induces the accumulation of [Delta] 8, 9-unsaturated sterol intermediates of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in oligodendrocyte precursor cells.

The invention provides a method for inducing neural stem cells by use of non-integrated plasmid vectors. The method comprises the steps of extraction of mononuclear cells from blood, expansion of the mononuclear cells in blood, electrotransfection of non-integrated plasmids and culture of neural stem cells. Mononuclear cells in human peripheral blood are reprogrammed into the neural stem cells which can be expanded by 60 generations or above in vitro to express related genes of the neural stem cells, nerve cells, astrocytes and oigodendrocytes can be differentiated, and the differentiated nerve cells have the electrophysiological characteristic. The method is simple to operate and extremely less in trauma.

An apparatus for use in peripheral nerve field stimulation (PNFS) whereby a plurality of curved introducer needles, of varying curvatures, are provided to permit the physician to best locate the region of oligodendrocytes that contain the A Beta fibers by matching the lumbar lordosis. A wing device is also provided that is attachable to the hub of the curved needle introducer which gives the physician better ability to maneuver the needle during insertion as well as permitting tenting of the skin. The invention benefits a large number of painful disorders arising from pathology in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine. In addition, this invention can also help a large number of other conditions including but not limited to failed back surgery syndrome / post-laminectomy pain, occipital / suboccipital headaches, scar pain, post herpetic neuralgia pain, mononeuritis multiplex, and pain following joint surgery (e.g., knee, hip, shoulder).

The invention relates to products and methods for transdifferentiating oligodendrocytes and / or oligodendrocyte precursor cells to neurons. The invention further relates to methods of treating central nervous system disorders and conditions.

The present invention relates to methods of treating or ameliorating certain neurodegenerative disorders (namely, dysmyelinating and demyelinating disorders) in patients in need of such treatment or amelioration. The invention provides methods of treating or ameliorating a patient in need of such treatment and includes the administration to the patient of: (a) thyroid hormones or thyroid hormone analogues; (b) cell replacement therapies involving the use of homogenous Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells derived from embryonic stem cells that have been treated with thyroid hormones or thyroid hormone analogues; (c) gene therapy to correct mutated genes in vivo; or (d) a combination of two or more of (a), (b) and (c). The invention also provides compositions and formulations of thyroid hormones and thyroid hormone analogues for use in treating or ameliorating such disorders.