51 results about "Oligodendroglial cell" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to an SLC44A1 gene and / or SLC44A5 gene knockout animal model as well as a construction method and application thereof. The construction method of the animal model comprises the following steps: deleting exon regions from the fourth exon region to the thirteenth exon region of the SLC44A1 gene and / or the second exon region of the SLC44A5 gene in mouse brain oligodendroglia cells in a high-efficiency manner by utilizing gene editing and a Cre-loxP recombinase system, so as to realize the knockout of a target gene. The animal model constructed by the invention can be used for researching the regulation mechanism of the choline transporters (SLC44A1 and SLC44A5) on myelin sheath formation, deeply knowing the biological functions of the choline transporters (SLC44A1 and SLC44A5), simulating the occurrence and development processes of human related diseases, revealing the pathogenesis of the related diseases, providing a new thought for prevention and treatment of brain myelin sheath dysplasia, and providing a new foundation for the prevention and treatment of brain myelin sheath dysplasia. And an effective drug or a treatment mode aiming at the disease is screened by utilizing a gene knockout animal model, so that a new choice is provided for clinical treatment of the disease.

Methods for differentiating pluripotent stem cells to neuroectoderm in dynamic suspension culture using small molecule or protein inhibitors of TGFβ / Activin / Nodal signaling and BMP signaling are provided. Also provided are methoc and protocols for differentiating pluripotent stem cells such as human embryonic stem cells first to neuroectoderm, then further to glial progenitor cells, and further to oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), and compositions obtained thereby. The methods of the present disclosure reproducibly produce neuroectoderm progenitor cells by day 7 of the differentiation process, glial progenitor cells by day 21 of the differentiation process and OPCs by day 42 of the differentiation process.

Methods for generating human vascular leptomeningeal cells (VLMCs) from human oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are provided using chemically-defined culture media that allow for generation of differentiated cells in a 34-day culture protocol. Methods of generating human VLMCs from human pluripotent stem cells using chemically-defined culture media in a 40 day culture protocol are also provided. Culture media, isolated cell populations, and kits are also provided.

Methods for differentiating pluripotent stem cells to neuroectoderm in dynamic suspension culture using small molecule or protein inhibitors of TGFβ / Activin / Nodal signaling and BMP signaling are provided. Also provided are methot and protocols for differentiating pluripotent stem cells such as human embryonic stem cells first to neuroectoderm, then further to glial progenitor cells, and further to oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), and compositions obtained thereby. The methods of the present disclosure reproducibly produce neuroectoderm progenitor cells by day 7 of the differentiation process, glial progenitor cells by day 21 of the differentiation process and OPCs by day 42 of the differentiation process.

A purpose of the present invention is to provide a method of treatment of a disorder by light stimulation in which light of a specific wavelength such as violet light is irradiated at a specific blinking frequency, and an apparatus used for the same. The present invention treats and / or prevents a disorder by promoting survival, proliferation, and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells or oligodendrocytes, regenerating or increasing myelin, activating nerves, and activating immunity by irradiating light of a specific wavelength such as violet light to a living body.

Methods of identifying and assays designed to identify at least one biomolecule from a patient are disclosed that comprise: collecting at least one biofluid from a patient, isolating at least one exosome from the biofluid, and identifying at least one biomolecule from the at least one exosome, wherein the at least one biomolecule is bound to the at least one exosome and is locally released from the patient. In some embodiments, the at least one biomolecule comprises a secretory protein, a neurotrophic factor, a growth factor, a cytokine, a chemokine, a pre-toxic molecule, a toxic molecule, or a combination thereof.

The application discloses application of a TAT-MK-ELE polypeptide in preparation of a central nervous system hypoxic disease prevention and treatment drug. In order to simulate the effect of MK-4, the TAT-MK-ELE polypeptide is designed and synthesized, and research proves that the TAT-MK-ELE polypeptide has a protective effect on hypoxic oligodendrocytes, can significantly improve the activity of the hypoxic oligodendrocytes, and can significantly inhibit the expression of proinflammatory factors in the hypoxic oligodendrocytes, thereby providing a reference for clinically preventing and treating central nervous system diseases caused by hypoxia by taking oligodendrocytes as a target.

The present application relates to reducing the adverse effects of oligodendrocyte loss, astrocyte loss, or white matter loss, including age-related oligodendrocyte loss, astrocyte loss, or white matter loss, in the brain of a subject. The present application also relates to rejuvenating glial progenitor cells or their progeny, or enhancing the developmental potential of glial progenitor cells or their progeny.

Provided is a medicine for promoting induction of differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into oligodendrocytes, and a medicine for promoting remyelination. The medicine contains a vitamin D derivative represented by formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof and used in combination with an immunosuppressant.

The present application relates to the use of clemastine in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of depression. The present application first discovered that clemastine has the efficacy of treating depression, and clemastine can effectively alleviate the depression-like phenotype of mice induced by chronic unpredictable mild stimulation or lipopolysaccharide by promoting oligodendrocyte myelination.

The invention relates to an antibody which binds to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), an antibody fragment thereof, a hybridoma which produces the antibody or the antibody fragment, a nucleic acid containing a nucleotide sequence which encodes the antibody or the antibody fragment, a transformant cell containing a vector containing the nucleic acid, a method for producing the antibody or the antibody fragment, a composition containing the antibody or the antibody fragment and a method for detecting or measuring an antigen that is present in the brain, a method for diagnosing or treating a brain disease, a method for improving the property of an antibody of accumulating in the brain and a method for increasing the amount of an antibody in the brain which use the antibody or the antibody fragment.

The invention relates to the technical field of biological medicine and polymer targeted delivery, and provides an oligodendrocyte-derived exosome and application thereof in preparation of a medicine for treating traumatic brain injury. Comprising the following steps: separating and culturing primary oligodendroglia cells from brain tissues; placing the maturely cultured oligodendroglia cells in a sugar-free and serum-free culture medium, performing oxygen-glucose deprivation treatment in an anoxic environment, then continuously culturing in a normal sugar-containing culture medium under a normal oxygen condition, and collecting cell culture supernate; and separating the exosome of the oligodendroglia cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation treatment from the supernate by adopting a gradient ultracentrifugation method to obtain the exosome of the oligodendroglia cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation treatment. The exosome derived from the oligodendroglia is applied to preparation of the medicine for treating the traumatic brain injury and has the advantages of being high in targeting performance and good in penetrability, that is, the exosome is used as a natural carrier, the defect that a traditional traumatic brain injury medicine is difficult to penetrate through a blood brain barrier is perfectly overcome, and the exosome can efficiently enter brain tissue and be taken by microglia.

The invention provides an oligodendrocyte precursor cell line, a method, a kit and application. Specifically, the cell line comprises a first gene sequence and a second gene sequence; the first gene sequence and the second gene sequence are separated from each other; wherein the first gene sequence comprises a Sirt2 gene and a first subsequence; the second gene sequence comprises a nuclear localization signal gene and a second subsequence; wherein peptide chains independently expressed by the first subsequence and the second subsequence are free of fluorescence and can be spontaneously combined to form fluorescent protein when meeting. The cell line can be used for high-throughput screening of drugs or molecules for promoting differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, and has the advantages of low cost and high efficiency.

The present application provides a kind of nutritional composition in the application of the product for improving learning, memory and cognitive ability.The nutritional composition includes animal bifidobacterium lactis subsp.CP-9 and 3'-sialyllactose.Animal bifidobacterium lactis subsp.CP-9 and 3'-sialyllactose can synergistically enhance the memory retention ability of the body, reduce the degree of learning and memory errors, and up-regulate the expression of oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 coding gene, myelin basic protein coding gene and brain-derived neurotrophic factor coding gene, realize the double regulation of myelin formation and neurotrophic in hippocampus region of brain, synergistically improve the neural plasticity of central nervous system through gut-brain axis pathway, and then double improve the learning, memory and cognitive function of the body from the behavior and molecular level.

Methods for identifying, isolating and enriching neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPC) such as ventricular radial glia, outer radial glia, astrocytes, pre-oligodendrocyte precursor cells, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, oligodendrocytes, early excitatory neurons, late excitatory neurons, bipotent glial progenitors, and inhibitory neurons are provided. These methods find use in transplantation, to eliminate specific cell subsets, for experimental evaluation, as a source of lineage and cell-specific products, and the like, for example for use in treating human disorders of the central nervous system (CNS).

A method of producing oligodendrocytes recapitulates the major steps of oligodendrocyte differentiation in a significantly shorter time than the 75-95 days required for the previous protocol. The cannabinoid receptor agonist, WIN55212-2, induces NSC differentiation and promotes OLIG2+OPC induction. WIN-derived OLIG2+ progenitor cells differentiate into PDGFR α+ OPCs, which are highly migratory, can further differentiate into mature OLs with strong myelination ability. When WIN-derived OPCs were transplanted to the lesion site, the motor ability of spinal cord injury (SCI) mice was significantly improved from the second week after transplantation. Immunostaining results showed that WIN-derived OPCs could differentiate into mature OLs and myelinate injured axons. The method and product have wide applications in the field of cellular therapy, especially for spinal cord injury with remarkable therapeutic effects.

The present inventive concept relates to expression cassettes, vector genomes, and recombinant viral vectors for reprogramming mRNA translation control, more specifically dual-therapeutic expression cassettes for reprogramming oligodendrocytes and / or oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to neurons. The present inventive concept further relates to methods of treating central nervous system disorders and conditions using the same.

The invention relates to products and methods for transdifferentiating oligodendrocytes and / or oligodendrocyte precursor cells to neurons. The invention further relates to methods of treating central nervous system disorders and conditions.

The invention relates to products and methods for transdifferentiating oligodendrocytes and / or oligodendrocyte precursor cells to neurons. The invention further relates to methods of treating central nervous system disorders and conditions.

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a medicine and application thereof. The drug is an exosome (DPSCs-Exos) derived from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs-Exos). The DPSCs-Exos is given after acute cerebral apoplexy, so that sensory movement and cognitive function recovery after cerebral ischemia can be promoted. The DPSCs-Exos can improve ischemia for 45 minutes, and brain tissue injury and neurological function injury of animals after reperfusion for 28 days. The DPSCs-Exos promotes the expression increase of protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT5) in oligodendroglia precursor cells (OPC), inhibits the expression of a differentiation inhibition factor 2 (ID2) through nucleation, promotes the OPCs to proliferate and differentiate into oligodendroglia cells (OL), and promotes the integrity repair of white matter. In addition, DPSCs-Exos can promote proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells and promote blood brain barrier repair.

The invention belongs to the field of medicine, and relates to application of overexpressed PSAP in preparation of medicine for improving secondary brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. HuPSAP is adopted for overexpressing PSAP, the HuPSAP is combined with a Gpr37 receptor on the surface of an oligodendrocyte cell membrane, downstream mTOR and ERK signal channels are activated, myelin sheath related gene expression is enhanced, mitochondrial dependent cell apoptosis is inhibited, and the effect of treating secondary brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage is achieved. Therefore, the conduction function of the CL-mPFC loop after SAH is protected, and disturbance of consciousness is reduced. Experimental basis and theoretical basis are provided for treatment of secondary brain injury after SAH, especially disturbance of consciousness, by the HuPSAP.

A method of promoting the generation of oligodendrocytes from oligodendrocyte precursor cells by enhancing their survival and / or maturation includes administering to the cell an effective amount of an agent that enhances and / or induces accumulation of Δ8,9-unsaturated sterol intermediates of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in the oligodendrocyte precursor cells.

The present invention provides compositions and methods for increasing myelination in the nervous system or a subject, including for the treatment of a disease or disorder characterized by a deficiency or loss of myelination (e.g., a demyelinating disease).

The invention relates to products and methods for transdifferentiating oligodendrocytes and / or oligodendrocyte precursor cells to neurons. The invention further relates to methods of treating central nervous system disorders and conditions.

The invention relates to the field of animal models, in particular to a preparation method of a fast eye movement sleep behavior disorder animal model with cytopathology specificity, which comprises the following steps: injecting adeno-associated virus for inducing neuronal overexpression alpha-synuclein into a capped karyobrain area on the back and the outer side of a non-human tested animal, and injecting the neuron-derived extracellular vesicles or the oligodendroglia-derived extracellular vesicles into the capped karyocerebral region on the back outer side of the non-human tested animal again. The model prepared by the method disclosed by the invention has the disease characteristics of fast eye movement sleep and has the characteristic that Parkinson-like phenotype is transformed. The model disclosed by the invention can be used for researching the etiology and pathological mechanism of transformation of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder to Parkinson's disease or multi-system atrophy and screening prevention and treatment drugs, and has remarkable significance for clinically providing effective drug treatment targets and prevention and treatment means.

The invention relates to the technical field of gene detection, in particular to a gene Panel for detecting somatic variation of an SLC35A2 gene as well as a method, a device and application of the gene Panel. The invention provides a gene Panel, which can capture a whole SLC35A2 gene related region in a targeted manner, comprises an exon, an intron, a promoter and an enhancer, and performs somatic variation detection, and the detected variation comprises SNVs, small Indels and SVs. When the Panel is used for detecting intractable epilepsy surgical brain tissue specimens, mild cortical development malformation with oligodendrocyte hyperplasia epilepsy (MOGHE) can be genetically diagnosed, and the disease is a new subtype which is newest brought into focal cortical development malformation by international anti-epilepsy alliance in 2022. The Panel variation detection rate is high, and variation detection types are more comprehensive.

The invention provides application of glycopyrronium bromide in preparation of a medicine for treating nervous system diseases, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicines. The research finds that the novel drug glycopyrronium bromide shows a clear and excellent technical effect in the aspect of treating nervous system diseases, on one hand, the glycopyrronium bromide can inhibit the inflammatory response of glial cells by reducing infiltration of central mononuclear macrophages (MDM); on the other hand, differentiation and maturation of oligodendroglia precursor cells (OPCs) into oligodendroglia cells can be effectively promoted, and the effect of promoting myelin sheath regeneration is achieved. Multiple sclerosis is effectively improved through the dual effects of inhibiting glial cell inflammation and promoting myelin regeneration, and the medicine is a candidate medicine with great potential for treating progressive multiple sclerosis (MS).

The present invention relates to compositions for cellular reprogramming of human somatic cells into induced oligodendrocyte precursor cells, methods of making human induced oligodendrocyte precursor cells by cellular reprogramming and methods of using reprogramed human induced oligodendrocyte precursor cells for treating disease.

The invention relates to the technical field of neuroscience, in particular to a construction method and application of an animal model for specifically marking a central nervous system myelin sheath. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing Mog-DreERT The mT (loxp) / mG (rox) experimental substance can be used for simultaneously marking OPCs, OLs and myelin sheaths which are differentiated and mature by the OPCs, and existing myelin sheaths before induction; the method comprises the following steps: constructing NG2-CreERT by using a Cre-loxP and Dre-rox double recombinase system; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing Mog-DreERT The mT (loxp) / mG (rox) transgenic experimental object model can simultaneously mark formed and newly formed myelin sheaths after being induced by tamoxifen, and a novel research tool is provided for realizing multi-dimensional oligodendrocyte lineage tracking and stage-specific gene manipulation.