The invention discloses a single-
station Doppler distance-measuring and positioning method, which comprehensively uses a Doppler shift relation, an equal
propagation time difference relation and a plane geometric relation and realizes the measurement of the distance and speed of a target in constant
linear motion through only three times of successive Doppler shift measurement. According to the three times of successive Doppler shift measurement of adjacent nodes, two ratio equations irrelevant to
flight speed can be obtained; according to a condition that stationary periodic
pulse propagation time differences on a propagation path are equal, an independent equation irrelative to the
flight speed is obtained; and, in addition, suppose that the target performs
linear motion, an equation of lead angles is obtained according to internal and external angle theorem
in plane geometry. Thus, the total number of the equations needed for solving three lead angles is obtained. After the solution of the lead angles, the
moving speed of the target is obtained according to the shit relation, and the radial distance of the target is obtained according to the plane geometric relation. The method of the invention has the advantages of low detection
system cost, high measurement accuracy,
simple algorithm, good astringency and the like.