The invention discloses a process for preparing high-purity rocuronium, comprising the following steps of: mixing a low-boiling anti-solvent with the rocuronium containing organic solvents or / and impurities; and removing the organic solvents or / and the impurities which are contained in the rocuronium by utilizing a principle that the organic solvents or / and the impurities are soluble in the low-boiling anti-solvent and the rocuronium is not or hardly soluble in the low-boiling anti-solvent so that the rocuronium is precipitated or crystallized so as to obtain the high-purity rocuronium without containing the organic solvents or / and the impurities, wherein the low-boiling anti-solvent is a mixture of any one or a few of ethane, propane, butane, ethylene, propylene, trifluoromethane, trifluorochloromethane, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen in any proportion. Compared with the traditional extraction method, the process can be used for extracting and separating under the condition of adjacent normal temperature and almost retains all effective components of a product; the quantity of organic solvent residuals can be low not to be detected, and the obtained product has high purity; and in addition, the process is easy to operate and green and saves the energy.