This invention provides a photovoltaic module operation monitoring method and
system based on AI vision, belonging to the field of photovoltaic module
condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technology. This invention synchronously acquires surface images and electrical time-
series data of photovoltaic modules through hardware, constructing a sub-
millisecond spatiotemporal alignment mechanism for multi-source heterogeneous data, laying a reliable foundation for the
correlation analysis of electrical anomalies and visual representations. It utilizes
Radon transform and a one-dimensional
convolutional neural network to extract run-length encoding features of the grid lines, transforming grid line continuity into quantifiable and comparable structured strings, significantly improving feature robustness under complex scenarios such as light variations and
dirt interference, while reducing the computational complexity of subsequent
processing. Based on a neighborhood similarity comparison strategy using the state matrix, it fully exploits the
spatial consistency constraints of adjacent modules in the photovoltaic array, enabling rapid location of modules with abnormal grid line structures, effectively avoiding the high
false alarm rate caused by traditional single-point detection.