The invention discloses a black glaze cup adobe vintage formula and a preparation method. The black glaze cup adobe vintage formula comprises the following raw materials of blank, plant ash and iron ore, wherein the blank is prepared from 5 parts of feldspar, 3 parts of quartz, 2 parts of akaishi, 2 parts of herba szechwan podocarpii, 5 parts of iron red powder and 5 parts of red soil, the plant ash burnt by plants and the iron ore are taken as glaze; the chemical ingredients of black glaze cup dry substances is 4-8% of Fe2O3, 6-9% of CaO, 2-5% of MgO, 15-20% of Al2O3 and 2-4% of P2O5. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1: making earth; S2: making glaze; S3: applying the glaze for the first time; S4: drying for the first time; S5: applying the glaze for the second time;S6: carrying out drying and forming for the second time. In S1, 5 parts of feldspar, 3 parts of quartz, 2 parts of akaishi, 2 parts of herba szechwan podocarpii, 5 parts of iron red powder and 5 parts of red soil are selected and mixed, a proper quantity of water is added, a simple ball mill is adopted for grinding, grinding time is 48 hours, and then, the ground mixed materials are sieved. In the black glaze cup adobe compound formula, the contents of Fe2O3 are ensured, and a burnt sintering product can achieve enough blackness.