The invention relates to the technical field of traction treatment, and provides a traction treatment device and a traction bed. The traction treatment device comprises a clamping portion, a driving unit, a traction rope and a guiding unit. The driving unit is fixed to the clamping portion, the first end of the traction rope is connected with an output piece of the driving unit, the second end ofthe traction rope winds around the guiding unit, and the second end is used for being connected with a traction treatment apparatus. By arranging the clamping portion, the device can be installed on corresponding medical equipment, for example, the device can be installed on a common surgical bed, and then the traction treatment device is high in adaptability. When the device is used for tractiontreatment, the problems caused by independently arranging a traction bed can be avoided, and the problem caused by freehand operation of a doctor can be avoided. Due to the fact that the installing position of the clamping portion is adjustable, the traction treatment device can be installed at any position needed by the surgical process, the traction effect is ensured, the traction treatment device is exquisite in structure, no surgical tabletop space is occupied, and a physician can conveniently use and operate the device.