The invention discloses a method for calibrating an
optical axis and an inertial navigation axis of an optical
system in an airborne environment, and belongs to the technical field of optical
system calibration. The method comprises the following steps: designing an inertial navigation axis calibration device, wherein the inertial navigation axis calibration device comprises a
point light source, a light emitting / returning mirror group and an
image sensor; a first
test light path between the inertial navigation axis and the inertial navigation axis calibration device is constructed, a
point light source emergent light part of the inertial navigation axis calibration device is emitted to inertial navigation through a light emitting / returning mirror group and then is returned to an
image sensor, and a first target image is obtained; a second
test light path between the tested optical
system and the inertial navigation calibration device is constructed, part of emergent light of a
point light source of the inertial navigation calibration device is emitted to the tested optical system through the light emitting / returning lens group, and a second target image is obtained through a sensor of the tested optical system; and comparing the first target image with the second target image to obtain the error between the
optical axis of the measured optical system and the inertial navigation axis. According to the invention, the problem that real-time detection cannot be carried out in an airborne environment is solved.