The invention discloses a glomerular filtration rate estimation method based on WASP-BAS (Weights and Structure Policy-Beetle Antennae Search). The glomerular filtration rate estimation method based on WASP-BAS includes the steps: dividing experimental data into a data set, a verification set and a test set; taking the number of times that a smaller error cannot be found continuously as a constraint condition, and circulating under the condition that the number of times is not exceeded, i.e., one pruning process; temporarily determining the structure of the neural network after primary pruning, and then simplifying the neural network to reduce the number of hidden layer neurons, namely a secondary pruning process; finally, obtaining the neural network with the determined structure and weight threshold value, and estimating the glomerular filtration rate through seven inputs of the gender, the age, the height, the weight, the albumin, the serum creatinine and the urea of the neural network. According to the glomerular filtration rate estimation method based on WASP-BAS, a secondary pruning part is optimized by using a BAS, and a weight threshold from an input layer to a hidden layerand a weight from the hidden layer to an output layer are used as solution vectors for optimization; and the pruning efficiency of the WASP is higher, and the prediction result is more accurate and more stable.