The invention relates to a bag dust collector. The bag dust collector comprises an air pipe, an air-intake three-way valve plate, an air suction pipe, a blower, a blower air outlet pipe, an air-outtake three-way valve plate, an air outtake pipe, an exhaust pipe, a back blowing pipe, an upper air chamber, in-bag frames, dust collecting bags, a dust collector shell, a dust air pipe, a lower air chamber, relay valves and back blowing branch pipes. The bag dust collector is characterized in that the dust collector is provided the upper air chamber and the lower air chamber, the exhaust pipe of the dust collector is connected with an air intake pipe of an air-intake three-way valve plate chamber, when the dust collector operates, the air-intake three-way valve plate closes the air pipe, and the blower air suction pipe is opened; the dust collection bags are installed in the lower air chamber, the frames are arranged inside the dust collection bags, and the dust air pipe is connected into a workroom; dust is discharged from a tapered hopper via the relay valves; during back blowing and dust clearing, the air-outtake three-way valve plate opens the air pipe, the blower air suction pipe is closed, the air-outtake three-way valve plate opens the back blowing pipe, and the air outtake pipe is closed; a negative pressure chamber turns into a positive pressure chamber quickly, dust adsorbed on the outer surfaces of the dust collection bags is blown off, and the bag dust collector returns to the dust collection state quickly.