The invention discloses a data transmission method and device based on queues and a communication system and belongs to the technical field of communication. The data transmission method based on the queues comprises the steps that when the first queue has vacant positions, N data messages are written into a shared memory, and the N data messages are transmitted based on the first queue, wherein N is a positive integer and is larger than or equal to two, and the first queue is one queue or is one of multiple queues; a write pointer of the first queue in the storage memory is updated, wherein the value of the updated writer pointer is equal to the sum of the value of the original write pointer and N. According to the data transmission method and device based on the queues and the communication system, the N data messages are written into the shared memory, the write pointer of the first queue in the shared memory is updated, N is a positive integer and is larger than or equal to two, the value of the updated writer pointer is equal to the sum of the value of the original write pointer and N, the write pointer does not need to be sent when the data are sent, in this way, the sending frequency of the write pointer is reduced, the utilization rate of bandwidth is increased, the occurrence frequency of data loss caused when the transmission bandwidth is limited is reduced, and transmission stability is improved.