The invention discloses an oxidation reduction furnace and a method for treating waste remained after dust-removal of iron and steel enterprises. The oxidation reduction furnace comprises a feeding hopper, an inner wall, an outer wall, a flue, a furnace chamber, a burning chamber, a gas nozzle, a gas passage, a gas electromagnetic heater, a discharging hopper, a discharging device and a gas outlet. The method for treating the waste remained after dust-removal of the iron and steel enterprises is characterized that the waste remained after dust-removal is pelletized and placed into the oxidation reduction furnace and heated to 1100 to 1250 DEG C, and the gas is introduced into the oxidation reduction furnace so as to complete the reduction and the oxidation in one step. The invention has advantages that: 1, the oxidation-reduction reaction is completed in one furnace; 2, the waste is in contact with the gas at the high temperature, so that the differentiation problem at a low temperature can be solved; 3, the gas electromagnetic heater is used for heating the gas to a given temperature, so that the temperature balance inside the furnace can be ensured; 4, the discharging device is utilized to ensure uniform discharging; and 5, the height of the burning chamber is increased, and the temperature of a reduction interval is increased, so that the reduction is carried out more adequately.