This invention declares a starting process of once-through boiler with by neighboring steam heating in which the high pressure heater is connected by the pipeline receiving exogenous heating steam. The mentioned process includes: heating the water in the unit boiler with the exogenous steam through the high pressure heater, heating the heat delivery surface of the boiler indirectly when starting up at cold, warm or hot status, starting the boiler water circulating pump and air-gas system when the temperature is close to the saturation temperature of the exogenous steam, ignition of the boiler, increasing the thermal load with bypass system after the is started, switching off the fuel when the thermal load of the coal exceeds the minimum oil-break thermal load and switching to the general starting process; when starting at the extreme hot status, ignition of the boiler after purging, after the coal pulverizing system is started, switching off the fuel when the thermal load of the coal exceeds the minimum oil-break thermal load and switching to the general starting process. The starting process will shorten the starting duration, and save fuel, coal and water.