The invention belongs to the technical field of gas exploitation, and particularly relates to a coal and gas outburst strength prediction method based on deep learning, which comprises the following steps: step 1, data preparation: selecting prediction indexes of coal and gas outburst, defining training data, and standardizing the data; 2, feature extraction: defining network or model compositionaccording to a data set, mapping input to a target, and extracting geological index features; 3, configuring a learning process, selecting a loss function, an optimizer and an index to be monitored, and setting the number of iterations; 4, training a model, inputting a fit method of a sample calling model to iterate on training data, and training and optimizing the model; and 5, verifying the model, predicting coal and gas outburst samples on the verification set, comparing the predicted coal and gas outburst samples with actual results, and determining the prediction precision of the model, so that the structure is reasonable, the expression ability is stronger, the mapping effect is better, and the outburst strength prediction accuracy can be further improved.