The invention relates to a backlight illumination structure based on a double-sided light-dimming light guide plate and a manufacturing method of backlight illumination structure. The illumination structure comprises a side-entry type light source, a light guide plate, a base plate light-guiding layer, a quantum dot colored film layer and a spot light micro-structure, wherein the side-entry type light source, the light guide plate, the base plate light-guiding layer, the quantum dot colored film layer and the spot light micro-structure are sequentially arranged; a colored light filter in a liquid crystal panel is moved into backlight through the backlight structure, and is combined with a light-dimming scattering micro-structure of a scattering layer so as to perform light dimming; due tolight extraction of the light-guiding layer and light modulation of the micro-structure, the phenomenon that the structure has uniform light output is ensured simultaneously, optical film plates are integrated, so that the size and the thickness of the device are reduced, the device structure is simplified, and light energy can be fully and effectively utilized; by utilizing the design including the size, the position and the like of the micro-structure in the backlight, color adjustment is directly carried out, light dimming of a pixel array micro-structure is realized on the backlight, and the backlight illumination structure has the characteristics of simplicity, integration and the like; moreover, the luminous efficacy can be greatly enhanced, the purity of the color and the color domain are promoted, and the market competitiveness of liquid crystal display is greatly improved.