The invention discloses a preparation method of a controllable multi-morphology photoelectric
composite material, which comprises the following steps: preparing a
metal-doped needle-shaped precursor by taking a conductive
metal material as a substrate, then taking the precursor as a carrier, and directionally inducing BiOBr to grow on the carrier in situ by regulating
hydrothermal reaction conditions and a reaction
solvent to form different morphologies, thereby obtaining the controllable multi-morphology photoelectric
composite material. The reaction
solvent is 2-methoxyethanol or a mixture of 2-methoxyethanol, an
active medium, a regulating agent and a surfactant; by optimizing the
solvent type (such as a mixed solvent of 2-methoxyethanol and
ethylene glycol, a mixed solvent of water and 2-methoxyethanol or a polar solvent containing a trace
regulator) of a
reaction system and combining
hydrothermal reaction conditions, BiOBr can be directionally induced to grow into a
hydrangea flower shape, a celery flower shape, a cockscomb flower shape and other specific morphologies; and through the synergistic effect of different solvent systems and the precursor microenvironment, the
bonding strength and dispersion uniformity of BiOBr and the carrier can be further enhanced, and the formed product is uniform in morphology, high in
crystallinity and high in performance stability.