The invention relates to a GLP-1 derivative particle compound and a preparation method thereof, as well as an application thereof in preparation for medicines for treating diabetes and weight-reducing medicines. The compound is a composite system with a core-shell structure, which is formed by entrapping GLP-1 derivative aGLP-1 or mGLP-1 in particles formed by modified polymer gamma-PGA-L-PAE. The particles of the compound disclosed by the invention are capable of stably existing in a solution, and capable of resisting degradation of a PPIV enzyme on the GLP-1 derivative, thus prolonging the systemic circulation time; the particles of the compound have a controlled-release effect for prolonging the internal activity time thereof, so that long-acting blood sugar reduction can be realized, and a weight-reducing effect of controlling body weight growth is further achieved. The invention further discloses a composition for reducing blood sugar and/or reducing body weight. Raw materials involved in the preparation method disclosed by the invention are all free from biotoxicity, high in safety, low in cost, simple in preparation process, and high in entrapment efficiency; the obtained compound is uniform and controllable in particle diameter, good in stability, long in internal activity time, good in body weight control effect, suitable for industrialized mass production, and good in application prospect.