54 results about "Geometric factor" patented technology

A method and related system for correcting measurements obtained from an induction logging device. In one embodiment, the method comprises: receiving conductivity measurements from a multi-array induction tool; constructing a measurement pattern vector from the conductivity measurements; determining one or more geometry parameters associated with an approximation of the measurement pattern vector; finding borehole geometrical factors using current values of the one or more conductivity parameters and of the one or more geometry parameters; and calculating improved estimates of the one or more conductivity parameters using current values of the borehole geometric factors. The geometry parameters may be determined by finding a geometry pattern vector that best fits the measurement pattern vector. The determining, finding, and calculating operations may be repeated until a predetermined condition is satisfied. Finally, the conductivity measurements may be corrected for environment effects using calculated conductivity parameters and geometry parameters.

The invention discloses a laser radar geometric overlap factor automatic regulation system which comprises an outgoing light path, a receiving light path and a data acquisition and control part. A regulation method comprises the following steps: a pulse laser sends out a pulse laser beam, the pulse laser beam is collimated and expanded by a collimating and expanding system and is reflected into the atmosphere so as to produce echoed signals after steering by a rotatable reflector and a fixed reflector, a telescope receives the echoed signals, and the echoed signals sequentially passes through a pinhole aperture, a lens and a light filter to be transferred to a photoelectric detector and the data acquisition and control system; and the echoed signals are processed according to equivalent criteria and an optimization algorithm to obtain control signals to control an X-axis executing mechanism and a Y-axis executing mechanism to regulate the angle of the rotatable reflector so as to enable the axial line of the outgoing laser beam reflected by the mixed reflector to coincide with the axial line of the telescope. The regulation system and the regulation method can automatically regulate the angle of the outgoing laser beam, reduce the influence of geometric factors on the atmospheric echoed signals and widen the effective detection range of the laser radar.

A measuring method for a real stress-strain curve of a metal welding structure comprises the steps: firstly, measuring a real stress-strain curve of a notch tensile test, wherein a real fracture strain at a maximum load is a strain hardening index of a metal of a to-be-measured position; calculating real stress-strain curves of notch tensile samples by finite element calculating software, to obtain the real stress-strain curves of the notch tensile samples with different notch sizes, fitting and establishing the relationship between the notch size and a geometric factor, and establishing a geometric factor expression containing the notch size and the real fracture strain at the maximum load and other influence factors; according to a load separation theory and the obtained relational expression and expression, the real stress-strain curve of the metal of the to-be-measured region of the metal welding structure is obtained. Through the small-size notch tensile test and a series of established relationships, the locality of the to-be-measured material region is accurately transmitted to a whole single-region material.

The invention discloses a method for inverting stratum parameters by array induction logging data, which comprises the following steps of: obtaining array induction logging data and auxiliary logging curve data; layering a measured well section according to the array induction logging data and the auxiliary logging curve data, preliminarily inverting an array induction logging curve by a geometric factor method, and generating the initial original state stratum resistivity, the invaded zone resistivity and the invaded radius value of a corresponding layer; generating an array induction simulation response curve according to the initial original state stratum resistivity, the initial invaded zone resistivity and the initial invaded radius value of the corresponding layer; and judging whether the array induction simulation response curve is accordant with an array induction original response curve or not, if not, modifying the initial original state stratum resistivity, the invaded zone resistivity and the invaded radius value through the interactive inversion in combination with the geological characteristics of the corresponding layer according to the array induction original response curve, and outputting the final original state stratum resistivity, the final invaded zone resistivity and the final invaded radius value.

The invention concerns a method for determining the resistivity in a formation crossed by a cased well, in which one carries out at least one resistivity log in the cased well and one uses the results of at least one resistivity log in the non-cased well, carried out in the same well previously, in order to, in at least one zone (10) of the formation in which the resistivity has not changed between the cased and non-cased condition, deduce the value of a geometric factor k conditioning the resistivity and for determining, by means of said geometric factor k and the log in the cased well, the resistivity in at least one zone (11) different to the calibration zone, in which the resistivity has varied between the non-cased condition and the cased condition.

The invention discloses a Doppler anemometry laser radar radial wind speed real-time correction system. A very small part of laser is split in the system, and is couple to a self-built controllable atmospheric environment through a polarization coaxial optical path. An atmospheric echo signal in the environment is detected. A Doppler anemometry laser radar frequency discrimination system and a data acquisition system are used to inverse a measurement value in the state. At the same time, most of the laser is emitted to natural atmosphere. The echo signal is used to inverse the radial wind speed of natural atmosphere. The difference between the measurement value and the radial wind speed of natural atmosphere is true radial wind speed. According to the invention, the self-built atmospheric environment is controllable; the polarization coaxial optical path eliminates the influence of geometric factors; the system has a real-time calibration function; and the measurement accuracy of a Doppler anemometry laser radar is improved.

A band gap discontinuity is propagated across a Photonic Crystal (PC) to capture thermal energy in a region near the primary emission wavelength of the Planck spectral distribution and transfer that energy to a different spectral region where it is emitted. To extend the range of frequency shifting beyond the width of a single band gap, the intrinsic control parameters (e.g., lattice geometry factors, scattering element geometric factors, and variations in the index of refraction) are spatially varied across the PC to form a band gap gradient. Propagation of the band gap discontinuity, starting in the infrared wavelength region where the thermally generated electromagnetic energy is concentrated and propagating towards the long wavelength region, locally captures the thermal electromagnetic radiation, shifts it downwards in frequency, and pushes the lower-frequency thermal electromagnetic radiation on to the next region. The same principles apply to shift the frequency to shorter wavelengths. A PC-based power combining and waveguide structure can be constructed in the same or a surrounding structure to combine and guide the shifted radiation to an antenna or exit aperture.

A band gap discontinuity is propagated across a Photonic Crystal (PC) to capture thermal energy in a region near the primary emission wavelength of the Planck spectral distribution and transfer that energy to a different spectral region where it is emitted. To extend the range of frequency shifting beyond the width of a single band gap, the intrinsic control parameters (e.g., lattice geometry factors, scattering element geometric factors, and variations in the index of refraction) are spatially varied across the PC to form a band gap gradient. Propagation of the band gap discontinuity, starting in the infrared wavelength region where the thermally generated electromagnetic energy is concentrated and propagating towards the long wavelength region, locally captures the thermal electromagnetic radiation, shifts it downwards in frequency, and pushes the lower-frequency thermal electromagnetic radiation on to the next region. The same principles apply to shift the frequency to shorter wavelengths. A PC-based power combining and waveguide structure can be constructed in the same or a surrounding structure to combine and guide the shifted radiation to an antenna or exit aperture.

The invention relates to an apparatus and method for the geometric factor self-calibration of a laser radar and belongs to the laser atmospheric remote sensing technical field. The device comprises a laser, a main wave pulse generator, a secondary receiving mirror cover, a secondary receiving mirror, a light guide optical fiber, a main receiving mirror cover, a main receiving mirror, a reflex mirror, a red and green dichroic light splitter, a 1064nm narrowband filter, a APD detector, a blue and green dichroic light splitter, a polarization and beam splitting prism, a first 532nm narrowband filter, a first PMT detector, a 355nm narrowband filter, a second 532nm narrowband filter, a second PMT detector, a third PMT detector and an integrated acquisition system. The apparatus and method of the present invention have great advantages in terms of system scale, cost, usability, reliability and the like.

In one method, the permeabilities are obtained by correcting the geometric factor derived from combining the FRA analysis and buildup analysis. In a second method, the permeabilities are obtained by combining the spherical permeability estimated from buildup analysis and the geometric skin factor obtained from history matching the probe-pressure data. In other methods, horizontal and vertical permeabilities are determined by analysis of pressure drawdown made with a single probe of circular aperture in a deviated borehole at two different walls of the borehole.

A semiconductor device 100 has a configuration having a via 124 formed on a first interconnect 112. A method for designing the semiconductor device 100 includes: calculating an anticipated value xopen of a dimension of a growing region of a void 150 expanding in a stress induced voiding (SIV)-ensured time topen at a predetermined temperature, assuming that the void 150 grows from an origin in a copper interconnect (interconnect metallic film 110); and determining a geometric factor of the via 124 by comparing a dimension of a contacting region between a first interconnect 112 and the via 124 with the anticipated value xopen. The dimension of the contacting region may be presented as d+h (where d represents a diameter of a via 124, and h represents a buried depth that the via 124 is buried within the first interconnect 112).

In one method, the permeabilities are obtained by correcting the geometric factor derived from combining the FRA analysis and buildup analysis. In a second method, the permeabilities are obtained by combining the spherical permeability estimated from buildup analysis and the geometric skin factor obtained from history matching the probe-pressure data. In other methods, horizontal and vertical permeabilities are determined by analysis of pressure drawdown made with a single probe of circular aperture in a deviated borehole at two different walls of the borehole.

In one method, the permeabilities are obtained by correcting the geometric factor derived from combining the FRA analysis and buildup analysis. In a second method, the permeabilities are obtained by combining the spherical permeability estimated from buildup analysis and the geometric skin factor obtained from history matching the probe-pressure data. In other methods, horizontal and vertical permeabilities are determined by analysis of pressure drawdown made with a single probe of circular aperture in a deviated borehole at two different walls of the borehole.

A correction method for resistivity measurements of formation surrounding a borehole includes deploying a logging tool in the borehole and having a standoff in between the logging tool and the wall of the borehole, measuring a total current entering into the pair of current electrodes, computing a leakage current in the sensor pad caused by an internal capacitive impedance between the pair of current electrodes and the main body of the sensor pad, computing a measuring current to enter into the formation for the resistivity measurements by subtracting the leakage current from the total current, computing an external capacitive impedance between the current electrodes and the formation, utilizing a pre-built chart to obtain a geometric factor based on the external capacitive impedance, and computing resistivity of the formation based on the geometric factor.

Embodiments of the invention provide a land use state prediction method, apparatus and system. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a predetermined type of image data of a target region, and generating a corresponding raster layer, wherein the raster layer at least comprises a plurality of geometric factor layers and a water body layer; according to the geometric factor layers, determining a third raster layer; training the third raster layer by utilizing a classification and regression tree to determine a development applicability probability; according to a constraint condition determined by the water body layer and the development applicability probability, building a cellular automaton model; and according to the cellular automaton model, predicting a land use state of the target region to obtain a prediction result. According to the scheme, the training is performed through the classification and regression tree to determine the development applicability probability, and the cellular automaton model is built according to the development applicability probability to predict the land use state, so that the technical problem of inaccurate prediction of the land use state in an existing method is solved.

A system and method of correcting skin effect of conductivity measurements made by electromagnetic induction well logging instruments. A limited number of measurements using different frequencies may be used. The skin effect correction system and method is capable of processing a complex signal waveform but only requires the in-phase signal measurements which are then corrected for the skin effect value and the geometric factors of the apparent conductivity measurements, thus making the corrected measurements suitable for advanced processing with modern array-type induction logging tools.

The invention discloses a shallow transient electromagnetic fine exploration method based on geometric factors: holes are drilled on the ground, one hole is selected as an emitting hole and the otherholes are receiving holes, and an emitting array coil and Z-direction equally-spaced array receiving coils are placed in the emitting hole and are in hard connection with each other; XYZ three-component array receiving coils are placed at equal spacing in the receiving holes, and XYZ three-component array receiving coils are placed at equal spacing on the ground to constitute a rectangular measurement plane; a deep moving device is used to synchronously move the emitting array coil and the array receiving coils for measurement; the response waveforms received by all the array receiving coils are filtered and amplified and then converted into digital quantity which is transmitted to a ground computer; and the waveforms of the array receiving coils are processed. By using the method, a shallow layer can be collected with high density, collected signals can be processed according to the geometric factor theory of the secondary field of electromagnetic induction, and high-precision and high-resolution exploration of spatial distribution of resistivity anomaly bodies can be realized.

In one method, the permeabilities are obtained by correcting the geometric factor derived from combining the FRA analysis and buildup analysis. In a second method, the permeabilities are obtained by combining the spherical permeability estimated from buildup analysis and the geometric skin factor obtained from history matching the probe-pressure data. In other methods, horizontal and vertical permeabilities are determined by analysis of pressure drawdown made with a single probe of circular aperture in a deviated borehole at two different walls of the borehole.

The invention concerns a method for determining the resistivity in a formation crossed by a cased well, in which one carries out at least one resistivity log in the cased well and one uses the results of at least one resistivity log in the non-cased well, carried out in the same well previously, in order to, in at least one zone (10) of the formation in which the resistivity has not changed between the cased and non-cased condition, deduce the value of a geometric factor k conditioning the resistivity and for determining, by means of said geometric factor k and the log in the cased well, the resistivity in at least one zone (11) different to the calibration zone, in which the resistivity has varied between the non-cased condition and the cased condition.

The invention relates to a multifunctional induction logging simulated experiment teaching system. The system comprises a coil system, a simulated formation scale ring distributed in the radial direction of the coil system, and a measurement and control system connected with the coil system, wherein the coil system is a nine-coil system and comprises nine coaxially-arranged coils which are three transmitting coils and six receiving coils; nine simulated measurement modes formed by combining three transmitting modes and three receiving modes can be formed under the control of the measurement and control system; the simulated formation scale ring consists of a transverse simulated ring and a longitudinal simulated ring; the transverse simulated ring consists of eleven concentric hollow copper pipes; the longitudinal simulated ring consists of three concentric hollow copper pipes; each scale ring can be connected to any resistor and used for simulating formation conditions at different electric conductivity and different relative positions; and the measurement and control system is used for controlling different combinations of the transmitting coils and the receiving coils and analyzing a longitudinal geometric factor curve and a transverse geometric factor curve of the coil system consisting of different combinations and an induction logging scale principle, so that the coil characteristics of an induction logging instrument are understood.

A system and method of correcting skin effect of conductivity measurements made by electromagnetic induction well logging instruments. A limited number of measurements using different frequencies may be used. The skin effect correction system and method is capable of processing a complex signal waveform but only requires the in-phase signal measurements which are then corrected for the skin effect value and the geometric factors of the apparent conductivity measurements, thus making the corrected measurements suitable for advanced processing with modern array-type induction logging tools.

In one method, the permeabilities are obtained by correcting the geometric factor derived from combining the FRA analysis and buildup analysis. In a second method, the permeabilities are obtained by combining the spherical permeability estimated from buildup analysis and the geometric skin factor obtained from history matching the probe-pressure data. In another method, horizontal and vertical permeabilities are determined by analysis of pressure drawdown made with a single probe of circular aperture in a substantially horizontal borehole at two different walls of the borehole.

In one method, the permeabilities are obtained by correcting the geometric factor derived from combining the FRA analysis and buildup analysis. In a second method, the permeabilities are obtained by combining the spherical permeability estimated from buildup analysis and the geometric skin factor obtained from history matching the probe-pressure data. In another method, horizontal and vertical permeabilities are determined by analysis of pressure drawdown made with a single probe of circular aperture in a substantially horizontal borehole at two different walls of the borehole.

The invention discloses a regression analysis method of square steel pipe truss N type node bearing capacity for trestle. The method comprises the steps of (1) establishing a square steel pipe N typenode model composed of a chord member, a straight web member and a diagonal web member, and setting four sets of nondimensional geometric parameters: beta, gamma, tau and Ov; (2) applying an axial pulling force N1 along the straight web member, applying an axial pressure N2 along the diagonal web member, and obtaining an ultimate bearing capacity of the square steel pipe N type node model by ANSYSsoftware; (3) performing the analysis of variance without interaction under the influence of the four types of geometric factors for the N type node bearing capacity by using the statistical softwareIBM SPSS; (4) obtaining a regression equation of the N type node ultimate bearing capacity by using the multiple linear regression method in the mathematical statistics principle; (5) performing a discrete degree check of the N type node ultimate bearing capacity regression formula. In conclusion, the method has the advantages of perfect method, accurate result and small error and the like.

The invention relates to a correcting method of the skin effect of an induction log. The correcting method adopts a measured value of an inphase signal to correct an apparent electrical conductivity value and the changes of geometric factors of electrical conductivity, caused by the skin effect of the induction log; wherein mathematical modeling and polynomial approximation are performed on the skin effect so as to construct a mathematical expression of the skin effect; further approximation and calculation are performed so as to determine the final electrical conductivity value and the final geometric factors of the electrical conductivity, which are corrected by the skin effect; and therefore, an error caused by the skin effect in a process of the induction log in the prior art is greatly improved, and besides, the accuracy of the geometric factors is improved.

The invention discloses a space charge measuring signal attenuation and dispersion factor compensation method which includes the steps: applying direct-current low voltage to two ends of a large-sized test sample and acquiring acoustic signal attenuation coefficient and dispersion coefficient; respectively selecting signal peaks v (t, a) and v (t, b) of a high-voltage electrode and a ground electrode and performing Fourier transformation to obtain frequency domain signals V (omega, a) and V (omega, b); calculating the attenuation coefficient alpha (omega) and the dispersion coefficient beta (omega); acquiring a system transfer function G (omega, r); performing fast Fourier transformation for measuring signals after recovery and geometric factor compensation to obtain frequency domain pulse electro-acoustic method space charge measuring signals Vs (omega, r); setting signals Vs (omega, r)*G (omega, r) after attenuation and dispersion compensation, and performing Fourier inverse transformation for the signals to obtain time domain signals. The method is applicable to the processing course of the pulse electro-acoustic method space charge measuring signals of the large-sized test sample, and the influence of attenuation and dispersion in the acoustic signal propagation process caused by viscoelasticity of insulating materials can be eliminated, so that high resolution and precision measuring signals are acquired.

A method and related system for correcting measurements obtained from an induction logging device. In one embodiment, the method comprises: receiving conductivity measurements from a multi-array induction tool; constructing a measurement pattern vector from the conductivity measurements; determining one or more geometry parameters associated with an approximation of the measurement pattern vector; finding borehole geometrical factors using current values of the one or more conductivity parameters and of the one or more geometry parameters; and calculating improved estimates of the one or more conductivity parameters using current values of the borehole geometric factors. The geometry parameters may be determined by finding a geometry pattern vector that best fits the measurement pattern vector. The determining, finding, and calculating operations may be repeated until a predetermined condition is satisfied. Finally, the conductivity measurements may be corrected for environment effects using calculated conductivity parameters and geometry parameters.

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention relates to a manufacturing method of a flow passage network and a flow passage network for minimizing energy loss occurring during fluid flow, and there are effects in which flow loss is reduced during fluid transport and the energy efficiency of flow passages increases by optimizing geometric factors of flow passages on the basis of biomimetic techniques and theoretical formulae of fluid mechanics. Further, it is effective in manufacturing microfluidics in which laminar flow with a low Reynolds number is dominant.

The invention discloses a resistivity inversion initial value selection method based on array lateral logging data. The method comprises steps that forward calculation is carried out based on a radialstep stratum model, resistivity amplitude difference coefficients S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6 are defined, four basic logging curves MLR1a, MLR2a, MLR3a and MLR4a corresponding to the radial step stratum model are obtained, and a change chart of resistivity amplitude difference coefficients along with the radius of a flushing zone is established; the quantitative relation between an initial value rxocz of the radius of the flushing zone and the resistivity amplitude difference coefficients is established through linear regression based on the change chart of the resistivity amplitude differencecoefficients along with the radius of the flushing zone; the MLR4a is utilized as a stratum resistivity initial value Rtcz, and a flushing zone resistivity initial value Rxocz is obtained based on pseudo-geometric factor definition. The resistivity inversion initial value selection method based on the array lateral logging data is advantaged in that deviation between the initial value and a realvalue can be effectively reduced without supplementing other logging data, and resistivity logging inversion precision and the speed can be improved.

The present invention provides a method for estimating crystal efficiency in a PET detector that takes axial compression into account. It does so via an iterative methodology in which a μ-map is first generated and then is used to obtain a solution for the equationL(ɛi)=∑n∈Nynlog∑i,j∈spangijɛiɛjxij-∑i,j∈spangijɛiɛjxij,wherein gij is a geometric factor for LOR(i,j), εi and εj are the efficiencies for crystal i and crystal j, and xij is the line integral of the source distribution along LOR(i,j). Once efficiencies are determined, they are used to calibrate the PET detector.