The invention discloses a data interaction and initialization method of an
indoor positioning system, and relates to the technical field of indoor positioning. According to the method, a dual-band communication architecture is constructed,
ranging data between base stations and between the base stations and a moving target are transmitted in a main frequency mode, and configuration parameters, control instructions and moving target auxiliary information are transmitted in a
low frequency mode; the master
base station sends a startup
signal to the upper computer after being started, generates synchronization information with a synchronization identifier and broadcasts the synchronization information to the slave
base station after receiving a configuration instruction of the upper computer, and the slave
base station feeds back, confirms and forwards in a
relay manner after completing configuration to form an initialized base
station network; and the moving target searches a main base
station signal in a low-frequency mode, sends a registration request, and establishes a
communication link with the main base
station and the slave base station after receiving a response containing the identifier of the main base station, thereby completing
system initialization. Through dual-band separation transmission and a standardized initialization process, data interference is reduced, parameter synchronization efficiency is improved, and stable operation of a
positioning system is guaranteed.