The present invention provides an encryption system and method for resisting re-encryption key leakage and capable of cancelling attributes. The method comprises: 1, setting the parameters of an encryption system; 2, generating the main private key and the public key of the encryption system; 3, generating a user private key; 4, building a re-encryption key tree; 5, generating a cryptograph file; 6, cancelling attributes; 7, performing re-encryption agency; 8, accessing the cryptograph file; 9, determining whether the update position of the cryptograph file is 1 or not; 10, decrypting an un-updating cryptograph file; 11, updating the private key; 12, decrypting the update cryptograph file; and 13, quitting the encryption system. Through adoption of a dual-agency re-encryption server model, the encryption system and method for resisting re-encryption key leakage and capable of cancelling attributes can resist the leakage of the re-encryption key. When the attributes are cancelled, an attribute user group is employed to construct the re-encryption key tree so as to effectively, timely and accurately cancel the indirect attributes. When the encryption is performed, the secret is dispersed to resist the conspiracy attack.