The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling a posture of a
spacecraft by the flow velocity and an actuating mechanism thereof and belongs to the field of control to the posture of the
spacecraft. The method comprises the following steps that: according to a difference value of a current posture and a desired posture, a three-axis control
moment vector required by the
spacecraft is obtained, and according to a principle of the
momentum moment, a relation between the three-axis control
moment vector and the variation of a
liquid fuel flowing
angular velocity is obtained; according to the working principle of ring-shaped
pipe liquid
angular momentum exchange equipment, a relation between the
liquid fuel flowing
angular velocity and the change rate of a
velocity vector in the tangential direction of a
pipe when
liquid fuel flows is obtained; according to corresponding generated required conditions, the power of the pressure pump is controlled to apply work to the liquid, so that the flow velocity of the liquid is changed, and thus, the
angular momentum H of a
mass center of the spacecraft is changed and the posture of the spacecraft 10 is changed; and the changed posture is measured by a sensor and is compared with the desired posture and the steps are circularly repeated from the beginning of the step 1. The actuating mechanism for regulating and controlling the posture of the spacecraft by the flow velocity, which is used for implementing the method disclosed by the invention, comprises a liquid filled ring-shaped
pipe, the pressure pump, an
oil storage tank, a valve, a liquid outlet connecting pipe, a liquid return connecting pipe and a control mechanism.