This invention discloses a multi-unmanned surface vessel (USV) collaborative encirclement method integrating
graph neural networks and attention, comprising: constructing an encirclement
scenario and initializing the pursuit / escape state; establishing a kinematic model of the USV and a target escape
motion strategy; acquiring global state and single-USV observation information, and extracting encirclement features; constructing a graph neural network to weighted aggregate the features, outputting the aggregated graph features and inputting them into a multi-agent
reinforcement learning model; combining the USV control actions with the kinematic model interaction environment, synchronously updating the target state to obtain a new global state, calculating the
reward value based on the encirclement situation, and storing the relevant data in an experience replay
pool. After the sample reaches the target, the parameters of the policy network and
value network are updated, iterating cyclically until the termination condition is met, and outputting the trained policy network to achieve collaborative encirclement. This invention introduces a multi-head self-attention
value network, adapting to dynamic marine escape scenarios with island and
reef obstacles, improving global situational awareness, key interaction identification, and the stability and decision-making efficiency of collaborative encirclement.