This invention proposes a
robotic arm obstacle avoidance path
planning method based on an improved
ant colony
algorithm, relating to the fields of
robot path planning and intelligent optimization algorithms. This method endows the joint
configuration space with a non-uniform metric structure induced by a metric
tensor G(q), where G(q) is derived from the normalized joint
inertia matrix W. I The
algorithm consists of three parts: the singularity gradient
outer product term and the obstacle spacing gradient
outer product term. Local geodesic distances are approximated using the mean of the metric tensors at both ends of the node. All edge weights are pre-calculated and cached during the PRM graph construction phase. The
ant colony uses the reciprocal of the geodesic distance as a
heuristic function, drives non-uniform
pheromone evaporation using the normalized value of the metric
tensor trace increment, and uses the weighted sum of geodesic length cost and
inertia-weighted velocity
mutation penalty as the comprehensive
path cost. The beetle
whisker algorithm performs pre-search and completes non-uniform
pheromone initialization under geodesic
metrics. This method effectively improves path safety, continuity, and dynamic adaptability.