The invention provides an electromagnetic nondestructive testing method and device for an elevator steel belt. The testing method comprises the following steps: installing an excitation circuit, installing a detection unit, installing multiple sensing units and testing. The testing device comprises an excitation circuit, a detection unit, multiple sensing units, a device main body and an end cover. Compared with the traditional steel wire rope detection, the testing method and device disclosed by the invention have the advantages that a magnet yoke is not needed, the sensor layout and wiring are convenient, the size is small, the weight is light, and the testing accuracy is high; which specific steel wire rope has defects can be distinguished, and accurate positioning and testing can be realized. The testing method and device disclosed by the invention can be applied to online elevator steel belt detection, and are also applicable to periodic detection of the steel wire rope in the pre-delivery inspection and application processes.