The invention provides a multi-functional puncture and expansion device for laparoscopic surgery. First, the stored umbrella-shaped expandable part is put into the abdominal cavity, the base and the instrument channel are outside the body, and then the traction wire is pulled by rotating the slider. The shield is opened in the body, and the open end of the umbrella-shaped expandable part of the shield is closely attached to the abdominal wall to ensure airtightness, and then carbon dioxide is injected into the gas channel to inflate the abdominal cavity, and then a laparoscope is placed into an instrument Channel, then the surgical forceps pull the hook through other instrument channels to hang on the surrounding tissue and fix it, so that the site to be operated is fully exposed in the unfolded umbrella-shaped expandable part; and then the video of the site to be operated on is fully exposed through the laparoscope The image is convenient for doctors to observe and operate, effectively saves the operation process and time, and greatly improves the operation efficiency; the overall structure of the present invention is simple, reusable, economical and practical, flexible in use, reasonable in design, compact in structure, and suitable for wide promotion.