The invention belongs to the field of acoustic measurement research, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the transient sound source characteristics in a reverberation pool. The method comprises the following steps: placing a standard sound source and a hydrophone array in the reverberation pool; placing a known standard sound source at a position having a distance with a pool wall greater than a minimal analysis frequency wavelength in the pool; placing hydrophones in a whole space in the pool, wherein the maximal distance is greater than a minimal half-wavelength, and line array placement and single placement via a bracket are adopted during the placement; causing the known standard sound source to emit a steady state broadband signal, and measuring a frequency domain soundfield correction amount of the reverberation pool; replacing the standard sound source with a transient sound source to be measured for emission, and collecting time domain sound pressure data; performing power spectrum calculation on the time domain data of all array elements to obtain a sound power level (the formula is described in the specification), and performing space average processing toobtain a spatial average sound power level (LW); and performing self-correlation processing on the time domain data fn(t) of all array elements. The invention provides a pool measurement method of transient sound characteristics, which is suitable for the quantitative acoustic evaluation of transient sound, and the method has the advantages of relatively good stability, easy implementation of measurement conditions, high measurement efficiency, etc.