The application belongs to the technical field of fluorescent probes, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of an
RNA fluorescent probe based on biological orthogonal reaction, and the
structural formula of the fluorescent probe is: the application provides a preparation method for generating an
RNA activated near-
infrared fluorescent probe based on biological orthogonal reaction. First, (E)-2-chloro-3-(
hydroxymethyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-methanal and 6-bromo-1-ethyl-2-methylquinolin-1-ium salt are used as raw materials to synthesize a precursor compound beta-Br, and then the beta-Br is rapidly in-situ generated into a fluorescent probe under physiological conditions. After the fluorescent probe generated based on biological orthogonal reaction is reacted with
RNA, the
fluorescence intensity at the near-
infrared region 670-900 nm is enhanced with the increase of the RNA concentration, and the
fluorescence enhancement multiple reaches 400. Secondly, the fluorescent probe generated based on biological orthogonal reaction shows
high selectivity to RNA, and is not affected by other various ions,
active oxygen, RNA bases, biological thiols and amino acids. Finally, the fluorescent probe can be washed-free and fast imaging in living cells, and can be in-situ fast generated into a fluorescent probe in cells, and can be used for monitoring
intracellular ribosomal RNA, distinguishing between living cells and dead cells, and real-time monitoring of
intracellular oxidative stress.