The invention discloses a foundation pit groundwater recharging system. The foundation pit groundwater recharging system comprises a back wash unit, a water pumping well, a one-level water storage tank, an aeration unit, a one-level filter, a two-level filter, a two-level water storage tank and a recharge well. The water pumping well, the one-level water storage tank, the aeration unit, the one-level filter, the two-level filter, the two-level water storage tank and the recharge well are sequentially connected. The back wash unit is connected with the one-level filter and the two-level filter. The foundation pit groundwater recharging system further comprises a control treatment unit and a water level monitoring unit which is connected with the water pumping well, the two-level water storage tank and the recharge well. The control treatment unit comprises a water pumping control subunit connected with the water pumping well, a water treatment control subunit connected with a recharge water quality treatment system and a recharge and flow control subunit connected with the recharge well. According to the foundation pit groundwater recharging system, the effect that land subsidence surrounding a foundation pit due to rainfall is avoided can be ensured, and meanwhile, optimization of recharge water quality is further really achieved. After recharge of recharge water is finished, drop of the water level of regional groundwater, water quality reduction and pollution do not occur, blocking of the recharge well is also avoided, and the recharge effect is good.