A
dual function hybrid memory cell is disclosed. In one aspect, the
memory cell includes a substrate, a bottom charge-
trapping region formed on the substrate, a top charge-
trapping region formed on the bottom charge-
trapping region, and a gate layer formed on the top charge
trapping region. In another aspect, a method for
programming a
memory cell having a substrate, a bottom charge-trapping layer, a top charge-trapping layer, and a gate layer is disclosed. The method includes biasing a channel region of the substrate, applying a first
voltage differential between the gate layer and the channel region, injecting charge into the bottom charge-trapping layer from the channel region based on the first
voltage differential. The method also includes applying a second
voltage differential between the gate layer and the channel region and injecting charge from the bottom charge-trapping layer into the top charge-trapping layer based on the second voltage differential.