The invention discloses an apparatus and method for preparing high-energy fiber forage grass through the steam explosion technology, and belongs to the technical field of straw utilization. The methodcomprises the following steps: first crushing straws and removing impurities, then filling crushed straws into a steam explosion tank, introducing saturated steam, maintaining a certain pressure fora certain period of time, then exploding out the straws to produce high-energy fiber forage grass, and then adding other beneficial special microorganisms and auxiliary materials to produce compositehigh-energy fiber forage grass. The steam explosion apparatus comprises the steam explosion tank, wherein a hydraulic oil cylinder is connected with a triangular cone through a steel wire rope, the triangular cone can move up and down and can close a material inlet when moving to the highest position, a material outlet is equipped with a pneumatic hard seal hemisphere valve, and a steam inlet, a pressure detection instrument, a temperature detection instrument, a safety valve and the like are additionally arranged. The straws are disinfected and sterilized in the steam explosion tank, the pesticide residual toxicity is decomposed, and lignin and cellulose are softened and partially degraded; and a pressure is suddenly relieved, so that the whole structure of the straws is torn and loosened, the absorption and digestion of cattle and sheep are facilitated, and therefore the digestibility and nutritional value of straw feed are improved. The apparatus and method have the advantages of being simple in technological process, simple in apparatus structure, low in cost, high in economic benefits, and easy to industrialize.