60results about How to "Significant complexity" patented technology

Motion estimation is the science of predicting the current frame in a video sequence from the past frame (or frames), by slicing it into rectangular blocks of pixels, and matching these to past such blocks. The displacement in the spatial position of the block in the current frame with respect to the past frame is called the motion vector. This method of temporally decorrelating the video sequence by finding the best matching blocks from past reference frames—motion estimation—makes up about 80% or more of the computation in a video encoder. That is, it is enormously expensive, and methods do so that are efficient are in high demand. Thus the field of motion estimation within video coding is rich in the breadth and diversity of approaches that have been put forward. Yet it is often the simplest methods that are the most effective. So it is in this case. While it is well-known that a full search over all possible positions within a fixed window is an optimal method in terms of performance, it is generally prohibitive in computation. In this patent disclosure, we define an efficient, new method of searching only a very sparse subset of possible displacement positions (or motion vectors) among all possible ones, to see if we can get a good enough match, and terminate early. This set of sparse subset of motion vectors is preselected, using a priori knowledge and extensive testing on video sequences, so that these “predictors” for the motion vector are essentially magic. The art of this method is the preselection of excellent sparse subsets of vectors, the smart thresholds for acceptance or rejection, and even in the order of the testing prior to decision.

The present invention provides novel methods for reducing the complexity of preferably a genomic sample for further analysis such as direct DNA sequencing, resequencing or SNP calling. The methods use pre-selected immobilized oligonucleotide probes to capture target nucleic acid molecules from a sample containing denatured, fragmented (genomic) nucleic acids for reducing the genetic complexity of the original population of nucleic acid molecules.

A method of assigning downlink time slots to receive units where the units may generate data using different modulation schemes. The method preferably assigns the downlink time slots as a function of the complexity of modulation schemes employed by the units. Further, the method preferably assigns the time slots from the least complex modulation scheme to the most complex scheme. The method may further assign uplink time slots to transmit units where the transmit units may generate data using different modulation schemes. The method preferably assigns the uplink time slots as a function of the complexity of modulation schemes employed by the uplink units. Further, the method preferably assigns the uplink time slots from the least complex modulation scheme to the most complex scheme. In other embodiments, the downlink time slots are assigned as a function of the bit per symbol rate employed by the receive units, preferably from the lowest bit per symbol rate to the highest bit per symbol rate. Further, the uplink time slots are assigned as a function of the bit per symbol rate employed by the transmit units, preferably from the lowest bit per symbol rate to the highest bit per symbol rate. The present invention is also a method of simplifying the encoding of a predetermined number of bits of data into frames. The method adds error coding bits so that a ratio of the frame length times the baud rate of the frame times the bit packing ratio of the data divided the total bits of data is always an integer. The method may also convolutionally encode the bits of data so that the same equation is also always an integer. The present invention is also a method of updating the weights of a FIR filter where the filter processes symbols having variable modulation rates. When the modulation rate of the incoming symbols changes, the weights corresponding to the first symbol having the new modulation rate are changed based as the symbol propagates through the filter.

A system and method are presented for providing a telephone service. An analog signal is received from a telephone and the analog signal is converted into a digital signal in a first format. A modem is provided for receiving the digital signal in the first format. A digitizer is also provided for receiving the analog signal from the telephone. The system, in a first mode of operation, couples the digital signal in the first format to the modem, and in a second mode of operation, couples the analog signal from the telephone to the digitizer. The second mode of operation may be, for example, a power failure mode of operation.

A system for generating signals for Raman vibrational analysis, particularly for a CARS microscope or spectroscope of an external specimen, the system comprising a a laser source apt to emit at least one fundamental optical pulse in a first band of fundamental frequencies comprising at least one first (ωf1) and one second (ωf2) fundamental frequencies; a second-harmonic (SH) generating system comprising at least one nonlinear optical crystal for converting said at least one fundamental optical pulse into at least two second-harmonic optical pulses, i.e. a first second-harmonic pulse at a first second-harmonic frequency (ωp) of the first fundamental frequency (ωf1) and a second second-harmonic pulse at a second second-harmonic frequency (ωs) of the second fundamental frequency (ωf2), said second second-harmonic frequency being other than the first second-harmonic frequency, and a Raman vibrational analysis apparatus apt to receive said first and second second-harmonic pulses and direct them toward said specimen.According to an embodiment, the SH system comprises two nonlinear optical crystals, each including a ferroelectric crystal with periodic space-modulation of the sign of the optical susceptibility.In a different embodiment, the SH system comprises a ferroelectric crystal with aperiodic space-modulation of the sign of nonlinear optical susceptibility, with a period varying along the optical path of said at least one fundamental optical pulse, said crystal being apt to generate said first and second second-harmonic pulses.

An HVLS fan system uses STOL technology for airfoils and angle of attack thus optimizing air movement efficiency and reducing drag. The HVLS fan system includes wingtip fence end caps to the airfoils for improving efficiency by reducing drag. The HVLS fan system also includes an interconnection of the airfoils to a securing plate thus providing a failsafe and reduced potential for damage or injury resulting from failure of the connection between the airfoil array and a drive unit such as an electric motor and associated gearing.

A measurement transducer includes a transducer housing, which exhibits a multiplicity of natural oscillation modes and at least a first measuring tube for conveying at least a volume fraction of the medium to be measured. The measuring tube is held to oscillation in the transducer housing and vibrator, at least at times. Also included is an electromechanical, exciter mechanism acting on the at least one measuring tube and a sensor arrangement reacting to movements, i.e. bending oscillations, of the measuring tube. Also included is a first support element fixed, i.e. directly, to the transducer housing and serving for the formation of essentially locationally fixed oscillation nodes in the transducer housing for suppressing or erasing at least one natural oscillation mode of the transducer housing. An outer oscillation system is formed by the transducer housing and at least the at least one support element and an inner oscillation system is formed by the at least one measuring tube, the medium at least instantaneously conveyed therein, and, at least in part, by the exciter mechanism and the sensor arrangement. The inner oscillation system, executes, at least at times during operation of the measurement transducer, mechanical oscillations, especially in the form of lateral oscillations.

A nail puller mounted on the side of the head of a hammer. The nail puller may be incorporated into a metal hammer head and consist of a groove mounted substantially in line with the handle of the hammer. The nail puller consists of a V-shaped opening suitable for engaging various sizes of nail heads or shanks. The nail puller is located on the side of the hammer, such that the nail is engaged when the hammer is laid nearly parallel to the work surface. The position of the nail puller gives the user nearly 180 degrees of rotation to remove the nail.

Provisioning a subscriber in a network is provided by: receiving an initialisation request for access to a network on behalf of a subscriber, at an admission platform of a network operator associated with the subscriber, and assigning the subscriber limited access rights to the network, the limited access rights being configured for communication between the subscriber and a subscription manager, for reconfiguration of identity information associated with the subscriber.

The present invention provides methods and compositions for the enrichment of target nucleic acids in a microarray system. In particular, the present invention provides methods and compositions for uniform enrichment of target nucleic acid molecules in a microarray format. The present invention also provides for intentionally non-uniform enrichment among target nucleic acid molecules.

This invention relates to a method and system for fast retrieval of the sequence components from phase, frequency and amplitude varying signals and synchronization therewith, and the concept of a system on a chip for power signal processing. More specifically, it relates to a method and system where the sequence components of a three-phase power signal are extracted and filtered in real time using a multirate phase-locked loop and a dual infinite impulse response filter with fault detection and reinitialization.

A light (10, 11) of an apparatus for illumination of a sign (1), in particular of a traffic sign, is part of a unit (7, 8) which can be attached permanently to the existing sign and contains a power supply which is independent of the mains. In addition to the illumination of the sign, a further light (12) may also illuminate a surrounding area, for example areas of footpaths and roads.

The present invention provides a method and system for reducing the peak to average power ratio (PAP) of a signal with low computational complexity. According to one embodiment, the present invention is applied to reduce the PAP of an OFDM signal. According to an alternative embodiment, the present invention, is applied to reduce the PAP of a CDMA signal. Rather than seeking the optimum solution, which involves significant computational complexity, the present invention provides for a number of sub-optimal techniques for reducing the PAP of an OFDM signal but with much lower computational complexity. In particular, according to one embodiment utilizing the PTS approach, an iterative technique is used to assign phase factors to each of a set of partial transmit sequences from a set of possible phase factors. Experimental results using the iterative technique showed only a slight degradation (1 dB) from the optimal approach using the same number of subblocks and subcarriers. In an alternative embodiment, which avoids feedback required by the iterative approach, a sequence of phase factors are generated randomly and assigned to each of a set of partial transmit sequences. This procedure is repeated for a pre-determined number of trials and the random sequence generating the lowest PAP is selected. In a third embodiment, a set of phase factors is generated using a structured sequence such as a Walsh sequence.

The present invention provides a method and system for reducing the peak to average power ratio (PAP) of a signal with low computational complexity. According to one embodiment, the present invention is applied to reduce the PAP of an OFDM signal. According to an alternative embodiment, the present invention is applied to reduce the PAP of a CDMA signal. Rather than seeking the optimum solution, which involves significant computational complexity, the present invention provides for a number of sub-optimal techniques for reducing the PAP of an OFDM signal but with much lower computational complexity. In particular, according to one embodiment utilizing the PTS approach, an iterative technique is used to assign phase factors to each of a set of partial transmit sequences from a set of possible phase factors. Experimental results using the iterative technique showed only a slight degradation (1 dB) from the optimal approach using the same number of subblocks and subcarriers. In an alternative embodiment, which avoids feedback required by the iterative approach, a sequence of phase factors are generated randomly and assigned to each of a set of partial transmit sequences. This procedure is repeated for a predetermined number of trials and the random sequence generating the lowest PAP is selected. In a third embodiment, a set of phase factors is generated using a structured sequence such as a Walsh sequence.

A method of image / video compression with intra-coding blocks analyzed for sum of absolute magnitudes of AC coefficients of DCT of block to determine whether to approximate the block with 0 AC coefficients, and with inter-coding blocks analyzed for sum of absolute differences of block and predicted block to determine whether to approximate the block with a 0 block.

The invention discloses a method for determining real-time steering fracturing parameters based on a composite temporary plugging system, and relates to the technical field of unconventional shale oiland gas reservoir reconstruction. The method for determining the real-time steering fracturing parameters comprises the following steps that temporary plugging of perforating holes and fractures of different scales is achieved by using the composite temporary plugging system including a soluble temporary plugging ball and temporary plugging particles, meanwhile, integrating of the data analysis of geological parameters, construction pressure, and micro-seismic real-time monitoring is conducted to form the real-time optimization of the adding amount, adding timing and adding frequency of composite temporary plugging materials, the uniform transformation of the horizontal section is achieved, and the complexity of a fracture network is improved.

An HVLS fan system uses STOL technology for airfoils and angle of attack thus optimizing air movement efficiency and reducing drag. The HVLS fan system includes wingtip fence end caps to the airfoils for improving efficiency by reducing drag. The HVLS fan system also includes an interconnection of the airfoils to a securing plate thus providing a failsafe and reduced potential for damage or injury resulting from failure of the connection between the airfoil array and a drive unit such as an electric motor and associated gearing.

Embodiments of the invention may provide systems and methods for detecting the presence a DTV signal such as an ATSC DTV signal. The system and methods may be applied to a received RF signal that has been down-converted to a baseband or low-IF digitized signal. The systems and methods may detect a presence of a DTV signal by searching for its characteristic pilot signal, known to reside in a fixed frequency range for all valid DTV signals. This pilot signal may be extracted by processing the baseband or low-IF signal in multiple stages. The first stage may reduce the signal information to that pertaining to the frequency band covering all valid pilot frequencies and commensurately reduces the sampling rate, and hence computational complexity of subsequent operations. A second stage may then efficiently operate on this reduced rate signal to focus on a series of particular pilot frequencies for interrogation. For each such candidate frequency, the cyclostationarity of the signal may be measured and tested for statistical significance relative to the background energy to yield an effective test that is invariant with respect to the background noise level. In a simplified case, this can correspond to measuring the energy in a very tight candidate subband normalized against the energy from a larger subband. Furthermore, the energy in the candidate subband can be taken as the energy in a Fourier series coefficient.

The present invention discloses an anti-tumor conjugate and pharmaceutical composition or kits comprising the conjugate, as well as a method of producing the anti-tumor conjugate. The anti-tumor conjugate of the present invention is metabolically stable in vivo, and is ultimately available for the treatment of tumors and production of anti-tumor medicaments.

A device for performing channel estimation in an OFDM system includes a non-volatile memory, a G matrix selector and a channel estimate generator. The non-volatile memory stores a set of G matrices indexed by signal to noise ratio, the G matrices being precalculated for a plurality of signal to noise ratios using a fixed Doppler frequency and a fixed delay spread. The G matrix selector uses a quantised signal to noise ratio to select a G matrix from the set of G matrices stored in the non-volatile memory. The channel estimate generator multiplies the selected G matrix by LS estimates for the reference signal to obtain a channel estimation.

A system for generating signals for Raman vibrational analysis, particularly for a CARS microscope or spectroscope of an external specimen, the system including a laser source capable of emitting at least one fundamental optical pulse in a first band of fundamental frequencies including at least one first and one second fundamental frequencies; a second-harmonic generating system including at least one nonlinear optical crystal for converting the at least one fundamental optical pulse into a first and a second-harmonic optical pulse; and a Raman vibrational analysis apparatus capable of receiving the first and second second-harmonic pulses and direct them toward the specimen.

An integrated circuit sensor includes circuitry and methods for generating a high speed delay fault test clock signal. A trimmable oscillator generates a master clock signal for use by an output protocol processor to provide the sensor output signal. A fault test clock signal generator is responsive to the master clock signal and to a test trigger signal for generating the test clock signal having a launch pulse and a capture pulse, each having edges substantially coincident with like edges of pulses of the master clock signal and a spacing between launch and capture pulses established by the trimmable master clock signal.

Embodiments of a unified communication and control bus architecture for Ethernet and / or PoE systems are provided. Embodiments enable a unified communication and control bus architecture that significantly simplifies communication and control in Ethernet and / or PoE systems. Embodiments enable significant savings both in terms of cost and complexity as the number of communication and control buses is reduced down to one. Embodiments can be used in various Ethernet and / or PoE implementations, including, for example, single PCB-single PoE, single PCB-multiple PoE, chassis-based switch, and stackable-based switch configurations. Further, embodiments can be implemented using standard Ethernet as well as proprietary implementations.

Motion estimation is the science of predicting the current frame in a video sequence from the past frame (or frames), by slicing it into rectangular blocks of pixels, and matching these to past such blocks. The displacement in the spatial position of the block in the current frame with respect to the past frame is called the motion vector. This method of temporally decorrelating the video sequence by finding the best matching blocks from past reference frames—motion estimation—makes up about 80% or more of the computation in a video encoder. In this patent disclosure, we define a method of searching only a very sparse subset of possible displacement positions (or motion vectors) among all possible ones, to see if we can get a good enough match, and terminate early. This sparse subset of motion vectors is preselected using prior knowledge and extensive testing on video sequences.

A measurement transducer includes a transducer housing, which exhibits a multiplicity of natural oscillation modes and at least a first measuring tube for conveying at least a volume fraction of the medium to be measured. The measuring tube is held to oscillation in the transducer housing and vibrator, at least at times. Also included is an electromechanical, exciter mechanism acting on the at least one measuring tube and a sensor arrangement reacting to movements, i.e. bending oscillations, of the measuring tube. Also included is a first support element fixed, i.e. directly, to the transducer housing and serving for the formation of essentially locationally fixed oscillation nodes in the transducer housing for suppressing or erasing at least one natural oscillation mode of the transducer housing. An outer oscillation system is formed by the transducer housing and at least the at least one support element and an inner oscillation system is formed by the at least one measuring tube, the medium at least instantaneously conveyed therein, and, at least in part, by the exciter mechanism and the sensor arrangement. The inner oscillation system, executes, at least at times during operation of the measurement transducer, mechanical oscillations, especially in the form of lateral oscillations,

Systems and methods are provided for decoding signal vectors in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, where the receiver has received one or more signal vectors from the same transmitted vector. For each received signal vector, the receiver evaluates a decoding metric using each possible value of the transmitted signal vector to produce a set of distances. The receiver then combines distances from across the received signal vectors to produce a combined distance associated with each possible value of the transmitted signal vector. Using the combined distances, the receiver may choose among the possible values of the transmit signal vector to determine the actual transmit signal vector.

An integrated circuit die includes a substrate having an upper surface, at least one active device formed in a first area of the upper surface of the substrate, and a plurality of layers formed on the upper surface of the substrate above the at least one active device. A first stacked heat conducting structure is provided, spanning from a point proximate the first area of the upper surface of the substrate through the plurality of layers. A lateral heat conducting structure is formed above the uppermost layer of the plurality of layers and in thermal contact with the first stacked heat conducting structure. The invention advantageously facilitates the dissipation of heat from the integrated circuit die, particularly from high-power sources or other localized hot spots.

A data processing apparatus and method are provided for pre-decoding instructions. The data processing apparatus has pre-decoding circuitry for receiving instructions fetched from memory and for performing a pre-decoding operation to generate corresponding pre-decoded instructions, which are then stored in a cache for access by processing circuitry. For a first set of instructions, each instruction comprises a plurality of instruction portions, and the pre-decoding circuitry generates a corresponding pre-decoded instruction comprising a plurality of pre-decoded instruction portions. If when applying the pre-decoding operation to an instruction in the first set, the pre-decoding circuitry does not have access to all of the plurality of instruction portions of that instruction, the pre-decoding circuitry is arranged to provide in association with at least one pre-decoded instruction portion that it does generate, an indication that the pre-decoded instruction portion relates to an incomplete pre-decoding operation. This provides a simple and effective mechanism for detecting situations where a pre-decoded instruction as later read from the cache may have become corrupted by the pre-decoding operation, and accordingly should not be relied upon.