89results about How to "Good thermal control" patented technology

An apparatus and method for metabolic cooling and insulation of a user in a cold environment. In its preferred embodiment the apparatus is a highly flexible composite material having a flexible matrix containing a phase change thermal storage material. The apparatus can be made to heat or cool the body or to act as a thermal buffer to protect the wearer from changing environmental conditions. The apparatus may also include an external thermal insulation layer and / or an internal thermal control layer to regulate the rate of heat exchange between the composite and the skin of the wearer. Other embodiments of the apparatus also provide 1) a path for evaporation or direct absorption of perspiration from the skin of the wearer for improved comfort and thermal control, 2) heat conductive pathways within the material for thermal equalization, 3) surface treatments for improved absorption or rejection of heat by the material, and 4) means for quickly regenerating the thermal storage capacity for reuse of the material. Applications of the composite materials are also described which take advantage of the composite's thermal characteristics. The examples described include a diver's wet suit, ski boot liners, thermal socks, gloves and a face mask for cold weather activities, and a metabolic heating or cooling blanket useful for treating hypothermia or fever patients in a medical setting and therapeutic heating or cooling orthopedic joint supports.

A recessed lighting fixture providing illumination from a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) placed within a cavity of a planar surface, such as a ceiling, wall, or shower. The fixture comprises a baffle integrated with a low profile heat sink that is used to draw heat out of the fixture and communicate that heat to a trim ring of the fixture for dissipation of the heat in the room so that higher intensity light sources can be used. Improved grounding of the recessed trim unit to the recessed housing is provided with combination support and grounding springs. One embodiment of the light source is fixed in position while a second embodiment is gimbal mounted for aiming the light produced by the fixture.

A recessed lighting fixture providing illumination from a light source including a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) placed within a cavity of a planar surface, such as a ceiling, wall, or shower. The fixture comprises a baffle integrated with a low profile heat sink that is used to draw heat out of the fixture and communicate that heat to a trim ring of the fixture for dissipation of the heat in the room so that higher intensity light sources can be used. Improved grounding of the recessed trim unit to the recessed housing is provided with combination support and grounding springs. One embodiment of the light source is fixed in position while a second embodiment is gimbal mounted for aiming the light produced by the fixture.

A recessed lighting fixture providing illumination from a light source including a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) placed within a cavity of a planar surface, such as a ceiling, wall, or shower. The fixture comprises a baffle integrated with a low profile heat sink that is used to draw heat out of the fixture and communicate that heat to a trim ring of the fixture for dissipation of the heat in the room so that higher intensity light sources can be used. Improved grounding of the recessed trim unit to the recessed housing is provided with combination support and grounding springs. One embodiment of the light source is fixed in position while a second embodiment is gimbal mounted for aiming the light produced by the fixture.

Gas chromatographs of the invention generally comprise four or more analysis channels. Specifically, four or more gas chromatography columns are configured for parallel analysis of four or more gaseous samples with detection being effected using a microdetector array comprising four or more microdetectors. In one embodiment, the four or more microdetectors 510 are microfabricated detectors, and are integrally formed with a substrate or with one or more microchip bodies mounted on a substrate. In a preferred embodiment, a microdetector array comprises four or more thermal conductivity detectors having one or more thin-film detection filaments. A preferred heated environment for highly parallel gas chromatographs is also disclosed.

The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is one of the most widely used techniques in molecular biology (U.S. Pat. No. 4,683,202 to Mullis). In general, most thermocyclers which automate the PCR nucleic acid amplification process rely upon programmable heat blocks with a large thermal mass. Consequently, most of the time in an automated PCR cycle is spent non-productively in transition between denaturation, annealing, and elongation temperatures. Recently, much faster hot-air thermocyclers have been constructed which shorten these transition times, allowing 30 cycles of PCR in 10 to 30 minutes. While elegant in principle, the design of these systems is not optimal. Air is a relatively poor heat transfer medium; and the operation of a single heat / reaction chamber at atmospheric pressure is inherently slow. Much faster thermocyclers can be constructed using pressurized gas delivered to a thermostated reaction chamber by computer-controlled electronic valves. A novel process, high-speed gas phase PCR, is described. This process has been successfully automated using a novel thermocycing device, which has been successfully to amplify DNA from picogram to microgram amounts in ~1 to 5 minutes.

Projectile apparatus is provided employing light and sound that may be dispersed over a large area with high intensity to produce a non-lethal, visible and audible countermeasure to temporarily blind and / or disorient one or multiple potential adversaries. The apparatus is suitable for use in tactical scenarios by military, police, and special operations personnel. The apparatus is also suitable for use in training operations for military, police, and special operations personnel. For amusement or recreation, the apparatus may be used in simulated warfare or in games such as paintball.

An organic light-emitting display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same. The organic light-emitting display apparatus includes an organic light-emitting device in which a pixel electrode, an intermediate layer that includes an emissive layer, and a cathode electrode are sequentially stacked. The cathode contact unit includes a cathode bus line that is formed on the same layer as the pixel electrode and contacts the cathode electrode, a first auxiliary electrode that is formed on the cathode bus line along an edge area of the cathode bus line, and a second auxiliary electrode that contacts the first auxiliary electrode.

The present invention relates to a multipurpose flow module comprising flow plates and / or heat exchanger plates stacked together, which flow plate having a flow channel and one or more connection ports. To each flow plate or heat exchanger plate one or more barrier plates may be attached. The present invention further relates to a method for extraction, for reaction, for mixing, or combinations thereof in the multipurpose flow module, and to uses of the multipurpose flow module.

The invention relates to a hair styling appliance (100, 100′, 100″) comprising at least one heater (103, 104) having plurality of heating zones (Z1-Z5). The heating zones are independently operable arranged along the length of the heater. The sequential arrangement of the independently operable heating zones helps to improve the thermal control of the hair styling appliance. The hair styling appliance may be a hair straightener, curling tong, curling wand or a crimping iron.

An injection molding apparatus includes a first, rear-mounted nozzle that is coupled to a manifold for receiving a melt stream therefrom. A second, front-mounted nozzle is coupled to the first nozzle by a nozzle link that is provided between the first and second nozzles. A plurality of gate seals are coupled to a forward end of the second nozzle. The gate seals receive melt from a plurality of melt passages and deliver the melt to a plurality of mold cavities through respective gates. The second nozzle is slidably removable from the first nozzle via the nozzle link to facilitate repair or replacement of the gate seals.

An enclosure for electrical system includes a side plate and an adjusting piece movably attached to the side plate. The side plate includes a heat dissipating part in which a plurality of heat dissipating holes is defined. The adjusting piece is movable with respect to the heat dissipating part for covering portions of at least some of the heat dissipating holes. The enclosure provides a function of adjusting of heat dissipation and noise suppression of an electrical system.

A hybrid model to determine state-of-charge for lithium batteries includes both a physical model and an empirical or data-driven model. The physical model is an electrochemical model, based on the battery materials properties and structure and describes dynamic electrochemical reactions. The empirical model uses coulomb counting and a relaxation filter, plus a Kalman filter for adaptive compensation of the system parameters. In some SOC regimes, one model is strongly favored over the other. In some SOC regions, a weighted combination of the two models is used.

A thermal insulating packer fluid contains an organic solvent of low thermal conductivity and a gelling agent which is hydratable in the solvent. The composition is capable of inhibiting unwanted heat loss from production tubing or uncontrolled heat transfer to outer annuli. The viscosity of the composition is sufficient to reduce the convection flow velocity within the annulus.

The device has a valve including a closure member 344V that opens and closes in response to a temperature of coolant flowing through the device. When moving from a closed position to an open position, the member moves in a direction downstream of the direction of coolant flow through the device. A vehicle engine cooling system comprising the device is also claimed. When claimed as part of the vehicle engine cooling system, the device additionally comprises a first inlet 341 connected to a cylinder head of the engine, a second inlet 342 connected to a cylinder block of the engine, a first outlet 343 connected to a radiator bypass conduit and a second outlet 344 connected to a radiator, whereby the valve is associated with the second outlet. The closure member may automatically open when a pressure differential across the valve exceeds a predetermined value. The system may include a variable speed coolant pump controlled based upon at least one vehicle operating parameter, such as the temperature of coolant, engine / transmission oil, or engine speed, that pumps coolant in the system at two different non-zero rates, the higher rate causing opening of the valve. A method is also claimed.

Projectile apparatus is provided employing light and sound that may be dispersed over a large area with high intensity to produce a non-lethal, visible and audible countermeasure to temporarily blind and / or disorient one or multiple potential adversaries. The apparatus is suitable for use in tactical scenarios by military, police, and special operations personnel. The apparatus is also suitable for use in training operations for military, police, and special operations personnel. For amusement or recreation, the apparatus may be used in simulated warfare or in games such as paintball.

A graphene synthesis chamber includes: a chamber case in which a substrate including a metal thin film is placed; a gas supply unit which supplies at least one gas comprising a carbon gas into an inner space of the chamber case; a main heating unit which emits at least one light to the inner space to heat the substrate; and at least one auxiliary heating unit which absorbs the at least one light and emits radiant heat toward the substrate.

A rotational obstruction and beacon signaling apparatus, in which chip-on-board (COB) packaged light emitting diodes (LEDs) are employed to provide a flashed emission pattern with high luminous intensity. The flash sequence of individual LEDs is controlled by an electronic timing circuit to simulate a rotational or other motional signaling effect.

Unwanted heat loss from production tubing or uncontrolled heat transfer to outer annuli is inhibited by introduction into the annuli a thermal insulating packer fluid or a riser fluid containing a zwitterionic surfactant, an alcohol and a brine. The viscosity of the composition is sufficient to reduce the convection flow velocity within the annulus. The invention has particular applicability with high density brines.

An electrical generator has an internal combustion engine and an alternator mounted to the engine and operative to generate electrical power during running of the engine. The alternator and the engine are arranged vertically to reduce the footprint of the electrical generator. The components of the electrical generator are contained within an enclosure defined by a base panel, a set of upright side panels, and a roof panel. When the roof panel is removed, each of the side panels can be independently removed from engagement with the base panel, which allows for easier access to the components of the electrical generator, such as for maintenance, service, and repair. The components are arranged so that cooling and exhaust air flow paths are defined within the enclosure.

The invention provides a closed chamber typed heat exchanger, belonging to the heat energy exchange technical field. The closed chamber typed heat exchanger is characterized in that a hole plate is sealed with two ends and the circumference of a cylindrical shell which is horizontally arranged; a cold fluid heat exchange pipe bundle and a hot fluid heat exchange pipe bundle pass through the hole plate and are sealed to form a chamber body; the cold fluid heat exchange pipe bundle and the hot fluid heat exchange pipe bundle are respectively arranged in the upper space and the lower space of the chamber body; a vacuum-shaped closed chamber is filled with working media; the internal chambers of the cold fluid heat exchange pipe bundle and the hot fluid heat exchange pipe bundle are communicated with a cover with a connecting pipe at two ends so as to respectively form an independent fluid passage; an installation supporter is welded externally below the cylindrical shell; the closed chamber of the cylindrical shell can be provided with a plurality of structural types such as single body, double bodies or three bodies; the closed chamber typed heat exchanger has the active effects that the heat exchanger is not a pipe shell typed heat exchanger in traditional meaning and has the advantages of simple structure, fast response, convenient heat control, high heat transmission efficiency and obvious energy-saving effect. The heat exchanger can be applied to heat transmission places with low, middle and high temperature, and is an extremely practical invention.

Grazing incidence collectors (GICs) for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray radiation sources, such as laser produced plasma (LPP) sources, are disclosed. Source-collector systems comprising GICs and LPP sources are also disclosed. A laser beam is directed along the collector axis to a fuel target to form the LPP source, and the collector is arranged to collect the radiation and reflect it to an intermediate focus. The collector may include one or more grazing-incidence mirrors, and these mirrors may be electroformed. lithography systems that employ the source-collector systems as disclosed herein.

The invention relates to a system and method for the hydrothermal oxidation of water-insoluble organic residues. The plant comprises two independent liquid phase feed lines, namely an aqueous phase (1) and a non-water-soluble phase (9). The supercritical conditions in the entrance to the first reactor (10) enable a homogeneous phase to be obtained, in which there are no solubilization problems, thereby enabling the treatment of industrial residues that cannot be treated with standard systems. The inventive system comprises two reactor sections (14 and 18) such that it is possible to inject streams of hydrogen peroxide (11 and 15) in the connections between sections (13 and 17), in order to potentiate the oxidation reaction. The plant is equipped with a heat exchange system (5) in order to make use of the energy generated during the oxidation process, such that the plant operates in autothermal conditions.

A novel waterborne cultivator, which provides the benefits of known systems for culture of photosynthetic micro-organisms in a novel configuration, incorporating a simplified, two-phase rotary mixing and gas injection system, the two phases being liquid and gas (CO2). The mixing system provides optimum growth conditions through increased turbulent vertical mixing and increased levels of dissolved CO2 throughout the cultivator via injection of flue gas or other CO2-bearing gas stream. The system thus provides efficient capture and sequestration or reuse of CO2 while producing valuable biomass for food, feed, and fuel use. The waterborne configuration provides further benefits of passive temperature control and automatic leveling for consistent culture depth. Additional benefit is provided by an enclosed design which reduces contamination and evaporative loss by isolating the photosynthetic culture from the outside environment. The simplified and well-integrated design of the cultivator and mixing system greatly reduces capital and operating costs compared to previously known systems.

The invention discloses a splitting type spatial multi-branch distribution heat pipe and a preparation method thereof. The splitting type spatial multi-branch distribution heat pipe comprises a spatial multi-channel pipe joint (1), a first branch pipe housing (2), a second branch pipe housing (3), a third branch pipe housing (4) and a fourth branch pipe housing (5). According to the splitting type spatial multi-branch distribution heat pipe, a spatial connecting type sintering multi-pore capillary layer is arranged inside, so that the heat transfer performance is outstanding; meanwhile, the angle of each port of the spatial multi-channel joint can be selected in advance, so as to flexibly change the bifurcation shape of the spatial multi-branch pipe to meet different heat dissipating space requirements, and a flexible, reliable and stable heat dissipating environment is provided to the miniaturized multi-chip integral development of electronic equipment; branches and joints are separately manufactured and then split during the preparation process, so that the manufacturing is simple, the cost is low, and the industrial production demand is met.

A method for printing an image with a printing system including the steps of multitoning image data to produce a multitoned image having a multitone resolution; providing a look-up table, wherein each look-up table entry specifies a number of dots of a first size and a number of dots of a second size; using the look-up table to expand the multitoned image data from the multitone resolution to a print-ready image having a printing resolution; and printing the print-ready image using a first array of dot forming elements for forming dots of a first size and a second array of dot forming elements for forming dots having a second size that is greater than the first size.

An injection molding apparatus includes a first, rear-mounted nozzle that is coupled to a manifold for receiving a melt stream therefrom. A second, front-mounted nozzle is coupled to the first nozzle by a nozzle link that is provided between the first and second nozzles. A plurality of gate seals are coupled to a forward end of the second nozzle. The gate seals receive melt from a plurality of melt passages and deliver the melt to a plurality of mold cavities through respective gates. The second nozzle is slidably removable from the first nozzle via the nozzle link to facilitate repair or replacement of the gate seals.

A microreaction device or system (4) includes at least one thermal control fluidic passage (C,E) and a principal working fluidic passage (A) with average cross-sectional area in the range of 0.25 to 100 mm2, and having a primary entrance (92) and multiple secondary entrances (94) with the spacing between secondary entrances (94) having a length along the passage (A) of at least two times the root of the average cross-sectional area of the passage (A). The device or system (4) also includes at least one secondary working fluidic passage (B) having an entrance (102) and multiple exits (106) including a final exit (106), each exit (106) being in fluid communication with a corresponding one of the multiple secondary entrances (94) of the principal fluidic passage (A).

Disclosed are methods of growing III-V epitaxial layers on a substrate, semiconductor structures thus obtained, and devices comprising such semiconductor structures. An example semiconductor substrate includes a substrate and a buffer layer on top of the substrate, where a conductive path is present between the substrate and buffer layer. A conductive path may be present in the conductive interface, and the conductive path may be interrupted by one or more local electrical isolations. The local electrical isolation(s) may be positioned with the device such that at least one of the local electrical isolation(s) is located between a high voltage terminal and a low voltage terminal of the device.