The invention discloses a modified ferrihydrite/hematite nano-rod core-shell structure compound light anode and an application thereof. A preparation method of the light anode includes the steps: S1 preparing hematite growth solution, placing a conducting substrate into the hematite growth solution, synthesizing a FeOOH film on the conducting substrate by a solvent thermal synthesis method, washing the FeOOH film, and drying the washed FeOOH film for standby application; S2 performing high temperature annealing on the conducting substrate acquired in the step S1, and cooling the conducting substrate to obtain the conducting substrate with the hematite film surface; S3 preparing ferrihydrite growth solution, placing the conducting substrate acquired in the step S2 into the ferrihydrite growth solution, heating mixture, washing the conducting substrate after reaction is completed, and drying the washed conducting substrate to obtain the modified ferrihydrite/hematite nano-rod core-shellstructure compound light anode. According to the method, a ferrihydrite thin layer is loaded on the surface of the hematite to prepare the core-shell structure compound light anode which is resistantto light corrosion and good in photoelectrochemical property and stability, and the compound light anode can be used for decomposing water to generate hydrogen and is high in catalytic efficiency andstable in catalytic effect.