The present application relates to the technical field of optical mechanical adjustment, and particularly relates to a folded
optical path off-axis three-mirror
system adjustment device and method; the folded
optical path off-axis three-mirror
system adjustment device comprises an interferometer, a
theodolite and a compensator mounted on one side of a main mirror incident surface, a first straight edge and a second straight edge are arranged on a bottom plate of the compensator, and the first straight edge and the second straight edge adjacent to each other form a first included angle; a
reference structure is connected by the
theodolite and a main mirror
optical path, and a main mirror
optical axis is perpendicular to the first straight edge; three
optical axis transmission structures are arranged based on the property of similar triangles; the first
optical axis transmission structure makes the
flat glass parallel to the first straight edge; the second optical axis transmission structure makes the normal direction of the
flat glass coincide with the optical axis of the
plane mirror; and the third optical axis transmission structure makes the folding mirror parallel to the second straight edge. The present application obtains the optical axis of the main mirror by using the compensator, and then calibrates the folding mirror through the bottom plate. Then, the adjustment of the misalignment amount is carried out, and the number of misalignment amounts used for adjustment is small.