The invention discloses an evaluation method of excess sludge electroosmosis deep dehydration performance, belonging to the technical fields of sewage treatment and solid waste treatment. The method comprises the steps of firstly, collecting a biological sludge sample, and measuring the initial moisture content (IMC), volatile solids (VSS), electrical conductivity (EC), pH value, zeta potential and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) content of the sludge sample before electroosmosis dehydration is carried out; screening out the key indexes, i.e., EC, Z and EPS, which affect the electroosmosis deep dehydration performance, by using a Group Lasso model; establishing a regression equation based on the key indexes, and calculating according to the regression equation so as to obtain sludge moisture content (FMC) and dehydration rate (DR) after the electroosmosis dehydration is finished. The evaluation method can quantify a complex relationship between residual sludge properties and electroosmosis deep dehydration performance so as to obtain a better prediction result; the result is high in conformity with measured data of the FMC and the DR which are obtained after the electroosmosis dehydration of a simulation device is finished, so that the test work load is greatly reduced, and basis data is provided for further sludge modification.