The invention relates to a chromatographic analysis method. According to the chromatographic analysis method, a gas chromatograph and a sampling device are used, wherein the sampling device is used for providing fluid to be detected to the gas chromatograph; the gas chromatograph comprises a first chromatographic column, a second chromatographic column, a damping column and an FID detector; the sampling device comprises a ten-way valve and a six-way valve; the six-way valve can be selected to be in a state I and a state II; the ten-way valve can be selected to be in a first state and a second state; and the chromatographic analysis method comprises the steps of sample gas quantification, detection and back flushing. The chromatographic analysis method has the advantages that the dosage of carrier gas is saved, the accuracy of the sample gas separation is improved, the accuracy of the sample gas detection is improved, the life of the chromatographic columns is prolonged, and two different substances of the same sample gas can be measured at the same time, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved.