39 results about "Linear alpha olefin" patented technology

The disclosure provides a catalyst reaction mixture including a ligand having a backbone with at least one phosphorus atom and at least one nitrogen atom, a chromium compound, and a solvent mixture including decalin and at least one additional solvent, wherein the solvent mixture comprises decalin in an amount of less than 20 wt. % and, optionally, perhydroindane in an amount of 50 wt. % or less, based on the total weight of the solvent mixture. A method of forming a linear alpha olefin through ethylene oligomerization is also provided, the method including contacting ethylene gas with a reaction mixture in a reactor, the reaction mixture including the catalyst reaction mixture of the disclosure; and withdrawing a product stream including at least one linear alpha olefin, such as 1-butene, 1-hexene, or 1-octene, from the reactor.

This invention relates to a method of reducing abnormal combustion events in a hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine (HICE) during operation of the engine. The method includes the steps of: a) providing to the HICE a lubricating oil composition including or resulting from the admixing of: i) a base oil having a KV100 of less than or equal to 12 cSt and included at greater than 50 wt.% of the composition and comprising a Group I base oil, a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, a Group IV base oil, or combinations thereof; ii) at least one olefin polymer at from 1.0 to 20 wt.% based upon the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, wherein the at least one olefin polymer comprises a partially or fully saturated olefin homopolymer or copolymer backbone having an Mn of 10,000 g / mol or more (GPC-PS), and wherein the homopolymer or copolymer backbone is derived from monomers selected from the group consisting of C2 to C30 linear alpha olefins, C4 to C20 conjugated dienes, and combinations thereof; iii) at least one overbased metal containing detergent with a Total Base Number (KOH / g) greater than or equal to 9 and less than or equal to 500 and included at a treat level to deliver between 100 to 5000 ppm by weight of total metal and between 0.15 wt. % to 8.0 wt. % of total soap to the composition; and iv) the lubricating oil composition having a total sulfated ash of less than or equal to 2.5 wt.%, a total phosphorous level of less than or equal to 0.120 wt.%, and a SAE viscosity grade of 25W-X, 20W-X, 15W-X, 10W-X, 5W-X or 0W-X, where X represents any one of 8, 12, 16, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 60; b) providing a fuel comprising hydrogen to the HICE; and c) combusting the fuel in the HICE. Also provided are lubricating oil compositions and concentrates for use in a HICE to reduce the propensity for abnormal combustion events.

The disclosure provides a method of purifying a linear alpha olefin product, the method including feeding a linear alpha olefin feed stream comprising the linear alpha olefin product and at least one impurity into a distillation column, the distillation column having a plurality of stacked stages; withdrawing a side stream from at least one of said plurality of stacked stages; feeding the side stream into a reactor containing an isomerization catalyst to convert at least a portion of the at least one impurity from a first isomer to a second isomer, producing a reactor product stream having a reduced content of the first isomer; returning the reactor product stream to a stage of the distillation column; and withdrawing an overhead stream from the distillation column comprising the linear alpha olefin product and having a reduced content of the at least one impurity.

This invention relates to a method of reducing abnormal combustion events in a hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine (HICE) during operation of the engine. The method includes the steps of: a) providing to the HICE a lubricating oil composition including or resulting from the admixing of: i) a base oil having a KV100 of less than or equal to 12 cSt and included at greater than 50 wt.% of the composition and comprising a Group I base oil, a Group II base oil, a Group III base oil, a Group IV base oil, or combinations thereof; ii) at least one olefin polymer at from 1.0 to 20 wt.% based upon the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, wherein the at least one olefin polymer comprises a partially or fully saturated olefin homopolymer or copolymer backbone having an Mn of 10,000 g / mol or more (GPC-PS), and wherein the homopolymer or copolymer backbone is derived from monomers selected from the group consisting of C2 to C30 linear alpha olefins, C4 to C20 conjugated dienes, and combinations thereof; iii) at least one overbased metal containing detergent with a Total Base Number (KOH / g) greater than or equal to 9 and less than or equal to 500 and included at a treat level to deliver between 100 to 5000 ppm by weight of total metal and between 0.15 wt. % to 8.0 wt. % of total soap to the composition; and iv) the lubricating oil composition having a total sulfated ash of less than or equal to 2.5 wt.%, a total phosphorous level of less than or equal to 0.120 wt.%, and a SAE viscosity grade of 25W-X, 20W-X, 15W-X, 10W-X, 5W-X or 0W-X, where X represents any one of 8, 12, 16, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 60; b) providing a fuel comprising hydrogen to the HICE; and c) combusting the fuel in the HICE. Also provided are lubricating oil compositions and concentrates for use in a HICE to reduce the propensity for abnormal combustion events.

The disclosure provides a method of producing one or more linear alpha olefins by ethylene oligomerization, the method including contacting ethylene with a catalyst composition in a reaction chamber in the presence of a solvent mixture including at least one aromatic solvent and at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent, wherein the at least one aromatic solvent is present in an amount of about 10% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the solvent mixture, and at a temperature of about 50 °C to about 80 °C; oligomerizing the ethylene to produce one or more linear alpha olefins; and withdrawing an effluent comprising the one or more linear alpha olefins.

The composition includes from about 50 to about 95 wt % of polyvinyl chloride polyvinyl chloride and from about 0.1 to about 3 wt % of a first lubricant, each based on a total weight of the composition, wherein the first lubricant includes a dimerization product of at least two linear alpha olefins that each includes from about 20 to about 24 carbon atoms; and wherein the dimerization product includes a first compound having from about 33 to about 44 carbon atoms and a second compound having from about 45 to about 60 carbon atoms.

The present invention relates to a separation method for a mixture comprising a solvent and C4 or higher linear alpha olefins, and method and device for preparing ethylene oligomer utilizing the separation method, and more specifically, a method capable of separating a mixture, which was generated after oligomerization reaction of ethylene and comprises a solvent and C4 or higher linear alpha olefins, into the solvent, C6 or lower linear alpha olefin, and C8 or higher linear alpha olefin even by one-time treatment, and a method and a device for preparing ethylene oligomer utilizing the separation method.

The present disclosure relates to a separation method for a reaction product of olefin oligomerization, and a method and a device for preparing ethylene oligomer utilizing the separation method, and more specifically, a method capable of separating a mixture, which was generated after oligomerization reaction of ethylene and comprises a solvent and C8 or higher linear alpha olefins, into the solvent, C8 linear alpha olefin, and C10 or higher linear alpha olefin even by one-time treatment, and a method and a device for preparing ethylene oligomer utilizing the separation method.

The present disclosure provides a catalytic process for the selective isomerization of 2-ethyl-1-butene in a linear alpha olefin stream, the catalytic process comprising: feeding a linear alpha olefin stream comprising linear alpha olefins and 2-ethyl-1-butene to a reactor containing a modified alumina catalyst to isomerize at least a portion of the 2-ethyl-1-butene to cis- or trans-3-methyl-2-pentene, wherein the period during which the feeding occurs is a flow time; withdrawing an effluent from the reactor containing less 2-ethyl-1-butene than the linear alpha olefin stream; and periodically regenerating the modified alumina catalyst by introducing a non-oxidizing environment into the reactor at flow time intervals of not more than about 200 hours, wherein the reactor is subjected to the non-oxidizing environment for a period of about 15 hours or longer, and the non-oxidizing environment has a temperature of about 250°C or greater for at least a portion of the period.

The invention relates to the technical field of catalysts, in particular to an octahedral iron oxide nano-particle catalyst with a concave surface, a preparation method of the octahedral iron oxide nano-particle catalyst and application of the octahedral iron oxide nano-particle catalyst to preparation of long-chain olefin. The octahedral iron oxide nanoparticle catalyst with the concave surface has the advantages of good catalytic activity, high selectivity and the like in a reaction for preparing linear alpha olefin through carbon dioxide hydrogenation; wherein in the carbon dioxide hydrogenation process, the optimal conversion rate is up to 49.6%, the C4 + olefin selectivity in the prepared hydrocarbon can reach 63.7%, and the linear alpha olefin accounts for 89.0%.

The disclosure provides a method for separating entrained liquid from gaseous ethylene leaving an ethylene oligomerization reactor, the method including introducing a gaseous ethylene stream comprising entrained liquid into a cyclone separator; withdrawing a top product stream including gaseous ethylene from the cyclone separator; withdrawing a liquid bottom product stream including at least one linear alpha olefin and / or polymeric material from the cyclone separator, the liquid bottom product stream optionally combined with a linear alpha olefin product stream from the ethylene oligomerization reactor; and passing the top product stream including gaseous ethylene through one or more heat exchangers to form a cooled gaseous ethylene stream, which is optionally recycled to the ethylene oligomerization reactor.

The disclosure provides a method for separating entrained liquid from gaseous ethylene leaving an ethylene oligomerization reactor, the method including introducing a gaseous ethylene stream comprising entrained liquid into a cyclone separator; withdrawing a top product stream including gaseous ethylene from the cyclone separator; withdrawing a liquid bottom product stream including at least one linear alpha olefin and / or polymeric material from the cyclone separator, the liquid bottom product stream optionally combined with a linear alpha olefin product stream from the ethylene oligomerization reactor; and passing the top product stream including gaseous ethylene through one or more heat exchangers to form a cooled gaseous ethylene stream, which is optionally recycled to the ethylene oligomerization reactor.

A method for reducing fouling in an oligomerizing reactor that includes upgrading C2 to C4 hydrocarbons within the oligomerizing reactor in the presence of a fouling inhibitor having a particle size D50 of less than 100 μm and forming linear alpha olefins and polymer during the oligomerizing, wherein the fouling inhibitor changes the morphology of the polymer.

The disclosure provides a reaction system for production of linear alpha olefins, including: a vessel having a side wall defining an internal reaction chamber containing a liquid reaction mixture, the vessel having an overhead outlet for a gaseous effluent and a bottom outlet for a liquid effluent; one or more spray nozzles between the overhead outlet and the liquid reaction mixture for spraying a solvent into the reaction chamber; and a solid unperforated plate mounted within the reaction chamber between the one or more spray nozzles and the liquid reaction mixture, the plate having an outer peripheral edge in spaced relation to the side wall of the vessel such that gaseous effluent from the vessel can flow past the plate to the overhead outlet. The disclosure also provides a process for producing linear alpha olefins using the reaction system.

The present disclosure provides a method for purifying a linear alpha olefin product, the method comprising the steps of: feeding a linear alpha olefin feed stream comprising a linear alpha olefin product and at least one impurity to a distillation column having a plurality of stacked stages; withdrawing a side stream from at least one of the plurality of stacked stages; feeding the side stream to a reactor comprising an isomerization catalyst that converts at least a portion of the at least one impurity from a first isomer to a second isomer to produce a reactor product stream having a reduced content of the first isomer; returning the reactor product stream to the stages of the distillation column; and withdrawing an overhead stream from the distillation column comprising the linear alpha olefin product and having a reduced content of the at least one impurity.

The present disclosure provides a method for purifying a linear alpha olefin product, the method comprising the steps of: feeding a linear alpha olefin feed stream comprising a linear alpha olefin product and ethylene to a feed stage of a distillation column, the distillation column having a plurality of stacked stages disposed between an overhead outlet and a bottom reboiler, the stacked stages comprising a stripping section and a rectification section; feeding an aliphatic paraffin hydrocarbon solvent to the rectification section of the distillation column to absorb the linear alpha olefins; adding heat to at least one of the plurality of stacked stages in the stripping section of the distillation column between the feed stage and the bottom reboiler; withdrawing an overhead stream comprising ethylene from the overhead outlet; and withdrawing a bottoms stream comprising the linear alpha olefin product from the distillation column.

Novel wax compositions are provided herein comprising at least about 85 wt. % of linear alpha olefins having a carbon number of at least 18, about 8 wt. % to about 40 wt. % of linear alpha olefins having a carbon number of 20, and about 5 wt. % to about 30 wt. % of linear alpha olefins having a carbon number of at least 30. The present wax compositions yield smooth, one-pour container candle waxes and provide ideal container candle burn performance demonstrated by low sooting behavior and a balanced wax consumption.

Branched paraffins formed as a hydrogenated reaction product of one or more linear alpha olefins (LAOs) oligomerized with a BF; catalyst system and comprising at least about 90 wt. % branched paraffin dimers may have advantageous heat transfer properties. Heat transfer fluids comprising the branched paraffins may be placed in contact with a heat-generating component, such as those found in electric vehicles, battery systems, and other locations in need of thermal management. Branched paraffin dimers formed from one or more LAOs having about 8 to about 12 carbon atoms may collectively have a Mouromtseff Number ranging from about 10,000 to about 16,000 kg / (s2.2·m0.6·K) at 80° C. a thermal conductivity at 80° C. of about 0.125 W / m·K or higher, and a flash point of about 140° C. or higher.

The present invention relates to: a catalyst enabling enhanced conversion rate and selectivity when preparing a linear alpha olefin through a dehydration reaction of a primary alcohol; a method for preparing same; and a method for preparing a linear alpha olefin using same. The present invention may provide a catalyst having optimized acid and basic sites through an interaction between cerium oxide and aluminum oxide, and may improve the selectivity and conversion rate to a linear alpha olefin by applying the catalyst to a dehydration reaction of a primary alcohol. In addition, the present invention may enhance the yield of the linear alpha olefin by controlling conditions such as the cerium loading of the catalyst, the reaction temperature, etc., and may also exhibit a selectivity-enhancing effect for a biomass-derived alcohol having five or more carbon atoms, thereby enabling the linear alpha olefin to be prepared in an eco-friendly and economical manner.

Provided herein is a method for generating a methyl-branched paraffin stream. The method that includes contacting a linear olefin feed stream with hydrogen in the presence of one or more bi-functional supported catalyst comprising a solid acid component and a hydrogenation component, the contacting taking place under conditions to catalytically isomerize the linear olefin feed stream into an intermediate stream comprising one or more branched olefins, wherein the linear olefin feed stream comprises an average carbon (C#) number that is between 18 and 26. Further, the method includes hydrogenating the one or more branched olefins to form an isoparaffin product comprising one or more methyl and ethyl -branched branched paraffins.

Alkylated naphthalene blendstock and processes for making the alkylated naphthalene blendstock are provided. The present processes comprise mixing an acid-form MWW-type catalyst, naphthalene, and a solvent to provide a reaction mixture and adding linear alpha olefins to the reaction mixture after heating. The resulting AN blendstock has an isomer ratio of less than 45 wt % mono alkylated naphthalene and greater than 55 wt % multi-alkylated naphthalene and can be combined with polyalphaolefin base stock to provide a synthetic lubricant formulation produced without triflic catalyst and with less process steps.

The disclosure provides a catalyst composition for the oligomerization of ethylene to produce one or more linear alpha olefins, the catalyst composition including a chromium compound, a heteroatomic multidentate ligand having an NPNPN backbone, wherein each P is an optionally substituted phosphino group and each N is an optionally substituted amino group, a methylaluminoxane, and triethyl-aluminum.

Process and apparatus for producing a hydrocarbon product from ethylene, the process comprising a) converting an ethylene stream by contacting the ethylene stream with an oligomerization catalyst in a first oligomerization reactor to produce a first stream of linear alpha olefins (LAO) in the C2-C20 range wherein at least 80 wt% has a Schultz-Flory distribution with a probability of chain growth (alpha) of 0.35-0.60, or a Poisson distribution with a probability of chain growth (lambda) of 1.0-4.7; the oligomerization catalyst is a homogeneous catalyst and comprises a transition metal compound or complex containing at least one of Ti, Zr, Cr and Ni and an alkyl aluminum compound which are dissolved in a hydrocarbon solvent or an ether solvent; or an aluminum alkyl compound dissolved in a hydrocarbon solvent or an ether solvent, optionally as a co-catalyst; b-1) separating the first stream of linear alpha olefins in the C2-C20 range into a second stream of C2 olefins, i.e., a separate ethylene (C2 =) stream, a third stream of C4-C6 olefins, and a fourth stream of C8 + olefins such as C8-C20 olefins; and b-2) recycling at least a portion of the second stream of C2 olefins from step b-1) to the first oligomerization reactor; c-1) converting the third stream of C4-C6 olefins from step b-1) under trimerisation conditions in a second oligomerisation reactor, i.e., a trimerisation reactor, by contacting the third stream of C4-C6 olefins from step b-1) with an oligomerisation catalyst, which is optionally the oligomerisation catalyst as defined in step a), to produce a fifth stream of branched C12-C18 olefins with a branching index (BI) higher than 0.30. The method may also include converting the fifth and fourth product streams to a synthetic paraffin kerosene (SPK). The invention also relates to a method for retrofitting an existing hydroprocessing plant.

Catalyst compositions containing an organoaluminum compound, a hydrocarbon diluent, and a heteroatomic ligand transition metal compound complex or a heteroatomic ligand and a transition metal compound are disclosed. The transition metal is iron, cobalt, or nickel. Related ethylene oligomerization processes utilizing the catalyst compositions to produce oligomer products containing 1-hexene and 1-octene also are described.

Provided herein is a method for generating a hybrid composition with a linear alpha olefin and lightly branched olefin. The method includes contacting a lightly branched C12 olefin (e.g., linear dodecene, 2-methyl undecene, 3-methyl undecene, 4-methyl undecene, 5-methyl undecene, 6-methyl undecene, or any combination thereof) feed stream with a linear alpha olefin feed stream, wherein the linear alpha olefin feed stream comprises a carbon length (e.g., C8, C10, C12, C14, C16, C18, larger carbons, or any combination thereof) in the presence of a catalyst, the contacting taking place under conditions to catalytically react the olefins into a hybrid oligomer. Further, the method includes hydrogenating and fractionating the hybrid oligomer, thereby producing the hybrid composition. The hybrid compositions described herein are particularly suitable for lubricant applications.

The present disclosure provides a catalyst reaction mixture comprising a ligand having a backbone with at least one phosphorus atom and at least one nitrogen atom, a chromium compound, and a solvent mixture comprising decalin and at least one additional solvent, wherein the solvent mixture comprises decalin in an amount of less than 20 wt.%, and optionally, perhydroindane in an amount of 50 wt.% or less, based on the total weight of the solvent mixture. Also provided are methods of forming linear alpha olefins by ethylene oligomerization, the methods comprising: contacting ethylene gas with a reaction mixture in a reactor, the reaction mixture comprising a catalyst reaction mixture of the present disclosure; and withdrawing a product stream from the reactor, the product stream comprising at least one linear alpha-olefin, such as 1-butene, 1-hexene, or 1-octene.

Methyl paraffins formed by hydrogenating one or more LAO dimers comprising a vinylidene moiety or a trisubstituted olefin moiety may have advantageous heat transfer properties, particularly when incorporated within an electric vehicle. For example, methyl paraffins produced upon hydrogenating LAO dimers formed from one or more C6-C12 LAOS, particularly in the presence of a Hf metallocene catalyst system, may contain 12-24 carbon atoms, and collectively have a flash point of about 130° C. or above, a pour point of about −42° C. or lower, a thermal conductivity at 80° C. of about 0.165 W / m·K or higher, and a Mouromtseff number ranging from about 17,000 to about 27,000 kg / (s2.2·m0.6·K) at 80° C. Heat transfer fluids comprising such methyl paraffins may be placed in contact with a heat-generating component, such as a battery and / or motor of an electric vehicle, or within a similar type of battery system, including immersive configurations for a battery.

The present invention relates to a catalyst capable of improving conversion rate and selectivity in preparing a linear alpha-olefin through a dehydration reaction of a primary alcohol, a method for preparing the same, and a method for preparing a linear alpha-olefin using the same. A catalyst having optimized acid sites and base sites can be provided through an interaction between cerium oxide and aluminum oxide, and by applying the same to a dehydration reaction of a primary alcohol, selectivity and conversion rate for a linear alpha-olefin can be improved. In addition, the yield of a linear alpha-olefin can be improved by controlling conditions such as a supported amount of cerium of the catalyst and a reaction temperature, and linear alpha-olefins can be prepared in an environmentally friendly and economical manner by exhibiting an effect of improving selectivity even for biomass-derived alcohols having 5 or more carbon atoms.

The present disclosure provides a catalytic reaction mixture comprising a ligand having a backbone with at least one phosphorus atom and at least one nitrogen atom, a chromium compound, and a solvent mixture comprising decalin and at least one additional solvent, the solvent mixture comprising decalin in an amount of less than 20 wt.% based on the total weight of the solvent mixture, and optionally comprising perhydroindan in an amount of 50 wt.% or less. Also provided is a method for forming linear alpha olefins by ethylene oligomerization, comprising contacting ethylene gas with the reaction mixture in a reactor, the reaction mixture comprising the catalytic reaction mixture of the present disclosure; and withdrawing a product stream comprising at least one linear alpha olefin, such as 1-butene, 1-hexene, or 1-octene, from the reactor.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to adhesive compositions, and more particularly, to the use of polyolefin adhesive compositions for hot melt adhesive applications. In an embodiment, a composition includes a polymer, a resin, and an olefin wax. In an embodiment, an olefin wax may be a linear alpha olefin.