The invention discloses a method for maintaining a regression orbit in a high-precision gravitational field based on monopulse orbit control. The method comprises the steps of constructing high-orderPoincare mapping, solving a multi-objective optimization function of an initial value of the regression orbit, and solving to obtain a first initial value of the regression orbit,performing orbit integration on the first regression orbit initial value to obtain an orbit state quantity,reconstructing the high-order Poincare mapping according to the orbit state quantity, and solving to obtain a nextregression orbit initial value,and determining a monopulse speed increment required by track control according to the speed difference between the track state quantity and the initial value of the next regression track, thereby realizing maintenance of the regression track in the high-precision gravitational field. According to the method, on the basis that the orbit design is used as a nominal value, the orbit speed states in the adjacent regression periods are connected by applying the speed pulse at the ascending node of the equator, so that high-precision orbit control is realized, and the actual sub-satellite point orbit of the satellite deviates from the nominal position by a distance within a threshold range set by a user.