A functional near-
infrared spectral
signal enhancement and classification method based on spatiotemporal autocorrelation and attention encoding is proposed to address the limitations of limited sample size and insufficient generalization ability of classification models in functional near-
infrared spectral
signal data. This method is applicable to the auxiliary diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders such as
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The method first preprocesses the raw near-
infrared spectral data, extracting oxyhemoglobin signals and calculating spatial autocorrelation parameters, channel-level temporal autocorrelation parameters, and the
eigenvalue distribution of the
functional connectivity matrix. Then, enhanced data is generated based on the spatiotemporal autocorrelation model. Finally, the raw and enhanced data are input into the STEAFNet
deep learning model for accurate classification. This invention generates high-quality enhanced data, expands the sample size, and maintains
high fidelity. Combined with
deep learning, it improves classification accuracy and generalization ability, providing
technical support for clinical applications.