This invention discloses a fault location method for power cables compatible with both high and
low resistance, comprising: connecting to a test terminal to acquire
voltage and current responses, determining the initial impedance state, and setting scanning excitation parameters; applying an exponentially increasing scanning
excitation signal, calculating the complex impedance gradient characteristics, and determining the
threshold energy level range; expanding a fractal excitation sequence within the threshold range, collecting propagation response data, and constructing a response matrix; normalizing the propagation response matrix data, calculating the cross-scale correlation strength, and forming a consistency curve; constructing a propagation consistency
vector field, performing density clustering and topology analysis, and determining the fault stability region; and calculating the fault location based on the
propagation time at the center of the stability region and the propagation velocity. This invention achieves stable identification and accurate location of faults in both high-resistance and low-resistance power cables through exponentially increasing scanning excitation and fractal
energy spectrum multi-scale propagation analysis.