The invention discloses a method for preparing an effective part of a solanaceae physalis plant, which comprises the following steps of: 1) extracting a medicinal material by using an extraction solvent to obtain extract, wherein the medicinal material is at least one of fruit, rhizome and persistent calyx of the solanaceae physalis plant; and 2) concentrating the extract, adding water for dissolving, extracting by using extraction solvents with polarities from low to high to obtain extract, concentrating, loading to a normal phase column, and eluting by using an elution solvent; collecting eluent, and drying to obtain the effective part of the solanaceae physalis plant, wherein the extraction solvents at least comprise dichloromethane, and the elution solvent at least comprises dichloromethane and methanol in a volume ratio of (20-35):1. The preparation method is easy to operate, low in production cost and suitable for industrial production; and the effective part of the solanaceae physalis plant, which is prepared by the method, is high in physiological activity, has the advantages of controllable quality, low dosage and the like, is convenient to use, and can be used for preparing anti-tumor medicines.