The invention discloses a device and a method for testing lateral impact friction. The device for testing lateral impact friction factors comprises a pneumatic pump, a pneumatic impact device, an arc-shaped rail, an incidence column, a clamp, a support, truckles, an acceleration sensor, a speed sensor, a first strainmeter, a second strainmeter, a first test sample, a second test sample, a transmission column, a belt pulley, a shock absorber, a belt, a variable-frequency motor, a signal acquisition device and a computer. Due to the arrangement of the truckles at the bottoms of the pneumatic impact device and the support, the pneumatic impact device and the support can move on the arc-shaped rail so as to regulate the impact incidence angles of the test samples. Lateral impact friction of materials can be tested by the device. The shapes of the test samples which are used in the invention can be changed, so that the lateral impact friction properties of different types of materials can be tested.