The invention provides a rapid multifunctional electronic component temperature characteristic measuring device and instrument, and a testing cavity. Temperature characteristic curves of parameters such as capacitance, inductance, resistance, dielectric coefficients, dielectric loss, voltage-current curves and spontaneous polarization of a plurality of electronic components and material samples can be measured. The rapid multifunctional electronic component temperature characteristic measuring device and instrument and the testing cavity is small in size, light in weight, high in speed, high in automatic degree, multi-functional, high in precision and low in cost. The device, instrument and the testing cavity can be applied by an enterprise to rapidly detect temperature characteristics of electronic components, can also be used by scientific research laboratories to research temperature characteristics of specific parameters of the devices and the material samples, and can further be used in the aspect such as experiment demonstration and class teaching.