This invention provides a method for identifying easily confused pests based on cross-
modal semantic alignment. The method includes: collecting visual data, linguistic data, and
environmental data related to pests, preprocessing them, and constructing a
knowledge graph of easily confused pests; constructing a modality
adaptation matrix based on the visual data, text data, and
environmental data; and
processing the pest information currently input by the user, combining the
knowledge graph and the modality
adaptation matrix, and outputting the identification results of easily confused pests. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing single-
modal and simple multimodal pest identification technologies, which have weak ability to distinguish easily confused pests and high misjudgment rates. By deeply fusing four-dimensional features (visual, linguistic, environmental, and regional) and using reasoning assistance from the
knowledge graph, it achieves efficient and accurate identification of easily confused pests in different regions.