The invention discloses a dedusting and demisting device of a spiral flow plate. The dedusting and demisting device comprises a plurality of dedusting and demisting units, wherein each dedusting and demisting unit comprises a hollow overflowing barrel body, a spiral flow cyclone is arranged in the overflowing barrel body, a flue gas guiding device is connected to the lower part of the spiral flow cyclone, the flue gas guiding device is fixedly connected with the overflowing barrel body, a blowing hole is formed in the flue gas guiding device, and a discharge hole is formed in the inner wall of the overflowing barrel body; the flue gas guiding device is a variable cross-section truncated cone-shaped hollow barrel body of which the cross-sectional area changes continuously, and the upper end surface of the truncated cone-shaped hollow barrel body is connected with the spiral flow cyclone. By using the flue gas guiding device, continuous change of the airflow moving state is realized, the stability of a formed liquid film is good, and secondary entrainment of liquid drops is effectively prevented. Compared with a dedusting and demisting device without the guiding device, the gas distribution state is more uniform, and local disturbance of airflow which passes through the spiral flow cyclone is effectively reduced, so that the airflow moving state is more stable, and the stability of the formed liquid film is better.