The invention discloses a unidirectional clutch type stepless speed change device for off-road motor vehicles, comprising a driving wheel component (1), a driven wheel component (4), a belt (3); the driving wheel component (1) comprises a pulley (6), an axle (13), a sliding sleeve (7), a spring seat (8), a pressure roller (9), a driving wheel spring (11), a supporting wheel (10); wherein, the sliding sleeve (7), the spring seat (8) and the pressure roller (9) are sheathed on the axle (13) and are positioned by the supporting wheel (10), the driving wheel spring (11) is arranged between the spring seat (8) and the pressure roller (9); the inner surface of the sliding sleeve (7) is provided with spiral grooves (22), spiral guide surfaces (21) facilitate the transition between two spiral grooves, the axle (13) is provided with pin springs (14) and pins (15), the pins (15) are contacted with the spiral grooves (22) of the sliding sleeve (7). With the structure adopted, the unidirectional clutch type stepless speed change device has the characteristics of simple and reasonable structure, reliable performance and small volume, high integrity and convenient operation and maintenance.